RISK FACTORS UNDERLYING DISASTER

Question 1

• The potential disaster loses in lives, health statuses, livelihoods, assets and services which could occur in a particular community or a society over some specified future time period.

Answer 1

DISASTER RISK

Question 2

IMPORTANT ELEMENTS OF RISK FACTORS

Answer 2

1. Exposure
2. Hazard
3. Vulnerability

Question 3

the elements at risk from a
natural or man-made hazard event (Quebral,
2016).

Answer 3

Exposure

Question 4

• a potentially dangerous physical
occurrence, phenomenon or human activity that may result in loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption, or environmental degradation.

Answer 4

Hazard

Question 5

•the condition determined by
physical, social, economic and
environmental factors or processes, which increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazard (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United nation, FAO 2008).
• it describes the condition of a society or community, asset or system that make them prone to the impact of a hazard.

Answer 5

Vulnerability

Question 6

which measures those who experience
disaster firsthand which has the highest risk of developing future mental problems, followed by those in contact with the victims such as rescue workers and health care practitioners and the lowest risk are those most distant like those who have awareness of the disaster only through news.

Answer 6

Severity of Exposure

Question 7

• Girls suffer more negative effects
• Disaster recovery is more stressful when
children are present in the home.

Answer 7

Gender and Family

Question 8

• 40-60 years old likely to be more distressed
after disasters
• Children more severe distress after
disasters than adults.

Answer 8

Age

Question 9

• Disasters like the Philippines, have more severe mental health impact than in developed countries
• natural disasters have more severe effects than do human-caused disasters in developed countries

Answer 9

Developing countries

Question 10

• The support of others can be both a risk and a resilience factor.
• Social support can weaken after disasters
• Sometimes the responses from other
disaster victims rely on for support are
negative.

Answer 10

Low or negative social support

Question 11

FACTORS WHICH UNDERLIE DISASTERS

Answer 11

1. Climate Change
2. Environmental Degradation
3. Globalized Economic Development
4. Poverty and Inequality
5. Poorly planned and managed urban development
6. Weak governance

Question 12

*means the alteration of the world’s
climate that we humans are causing such as burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and other practices that increase the carbon footprint and concentration of greenhouse
gases in the atmosphere.
* is the change that can be attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over
comparable time periods”.
* Increases of air and water temperatures lead
to rising sea levels, supercharged storms and higher wind speeds, more intense and prolonged droughts and wildfire seasons, heavier precipitation and flooding.

Answer 12

Climate Change

Question 13

•Changes to the environment can influence the frequency and intensity of hazards, as well as our exposure and vulnerability to these hazards. For instance, deforestation of slopes often leads to an increase in landslide hazard and removal of mangroves can increase the damage caused by storm surges.
•changes may be driven by
many factors including economic growth, population growth, urbanization, intensification of agriculture, rising energy
use and transportation. Poverty still remains a problem at the root of several environmental problems.

Answer 13

Environmental Degradation

Question 14

• It results in an increased polarization
  between the rich and poor on a global scale. Currently increasing the exposure of assets in hazard prone areas, provides an opportunity to build resilience if effectively managed.

Answer 14

Globalized Economic Development

Question 15

• Impoverished people are more likely to live in hazard-exposed areas and are less able to invest in risk-reducing measures. The lack of access to insurance and social protection
means that people in poverty are often forced to use their already limited assets to buffer disaster losses, which drives them into further poverty.

Answer 15

Poverty and Inequality

Question 16

• The growing rate of urbanization and the increase in population density (in cities) can lead to creation of risk, especially when urbanization is rapid, poorly planned and occurring in a context of widespread poverty.
• For example, poor solid waste management
can cause blockage to storm water and
sewage networks that can lead to water logging and flooding. Destruction or damage to infrastructure can lead to water scarcity or contamination.

Answer 16

Poorly planned and Managed Urban
Development

Question 17

are investment environments in which public sector actors are unable or unwilling to assume their roles
and responsibilities in protecting rights, providing basic services and public services.

Answer 17

Weak Governance