BASIC CONCEPT OF HAZARD Flashcards
has only the potential to cause
destruction or negative impacts to life
and property.
hazard
is a hazard that already
occurred and already caused destruction
and devastating impacts.
disaster
Classification of Hazards
•Natural Hazards
•Quasi-natural Hazards
•Man-made/Human-induced/Anthropogenic
• are naturally occurring phenomena or processes.
Natural Hazards
• are hazards that are outcomes of the
interaction of natural phenomena and man-made activities.
Example: smog or desertification
Quasi-natural Hazards
• Hazards are those that result from human activities and actions.
Man-made/Human-induced/Anthropogenic
Classification of Natural Hazards
- Geologic Hazards.
- Hydrometeorological Hazards
- Biological Hazards
• are natural phenomena or processes that occur in the Earth’s Crust.
Examples: earthquakes, tsunami, volcanic eruptions, mass movement such as landslides and rockslides, subsidence, liquefaction.
Geologic Hazards
• are atmospheric, hydrological, and
oceanographic natural processes or
phenomena.
Examples:
- tropical cyclones: tropical depression, storms, typhoons, and super typhoons
Hydrometeorological Hazards
• living things or substances from living things that can cause illnesses and diseases or any harm.
Examples:
• outbreaks of epidemic diseases in humans,
animals, and plants
• infestations
Biological Hazards
• are man-made hazards caused by
technological, infrastructure, or industrial accidents or failures.
Examples: nuclear explosion, industrial pollution, vehicular accidents, industrial explosions and fires, and collapse of buildings.
TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARD
• are processes caused or induced by human activities or in combination with natural hazards.
Examples:
• deforestation, land degradation, loss of biodiversity
• land, water, and air pollution
• climate change
• ozone depletion
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
Types of Hazards
- Slow onset hazards
- Rapid or sudden onset hazards
• are hazards that have early signs or
indicators before its occurrence.
(* sea level rise; * increasing temperatures; * ocean
acidification; * glacial retreat and related impacts; *
salinization; * land and forest degradation; * loss of
biodiversity; * desertification).
Slow onset hazards
• are hazards that occur or strike without any prior signs or warnings.
(wind storms, floods, wild fires, landslides, avalanches, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.)
Rapid or sudden onset hazards
Impacts of Various Hazards
1.Physical Impact
2. Psychological Impact
3. Socio-cultural Impact
4. Economic Impact
5. Environmental Impact
6. Biological Impact
• death and injuries (casualties) of people, and
destruction or damages to properties and infrastructures.
Physical Impact
• psychological trauma, chronic anxiety,
depression, and other emotional and mental
disorders.
Psychological Impact
• migration, alteration of traditional social
status, loss of cultural identity, ethnic
conflicts, sexual abuse and domestic
violence, and changes in lifestyle.
Socio-cultural Impact
• loss of employment, livelihood and
property/land.
Economic Impact
• environmental contamination, loss of forests and natural rivers.
Environmental Impact
• spread of epidemic diseases to people, flora and fauna.
Biological Impact
