BASIC CONCEPT OF HAZARD

Question 1

has only the potential to cause
destruction or negative impacts to life
and property.

Answer 1

hazard

Question 2

is a hazard that already
occurred and already caused destruction
and devastating impacts.

Answer 2

disaster

Question 3

Classification of Hazards

Answer 3

•Natural Hazards
•Quasi-natural Hazards
•Man-made/Human-induced/Anthropogenic

Question 4

• are naturally occurring phenomena or processes.

Answer 4

Natural Hazards

Question 5

• are hazards that are outcomes of the
interaction of natural phenomena and man-made activities.
Example: smog or desertification

Answer 5

Quasi-natural Hazards

Question 6

• Hazards are those that result from human activities and actions.

Answer 6

Man-made/Human-induced/Anthropogenic

Question 7

Classification of Natural Hazards

Answer 7

1. Geologic Hazards.
2. Hydrometeorological Hazards
3. Biological Hazards

Question 8

• are natural phenomena or processes that occur in the Earth’s Crust.
Examples: earthquakes, tsunami, volcanic eruptions, mass movement such as landslides and rockslides, subsidence, liquefaction.

Answer 8

Geologic Hazards

Question 9

• are atmospheric, hydrological, and
oceanographic natural processes or
phenomena.
Examples:
- tropical cyclones: tropical depression, storms, typhoons, and super typhoons

Answer 9

Hydrometeorological Hazards

Question 10

• living things or substances from living things that can cause illnesses and diseases or any harm.
Examples:
• outbreaks of epidemic diseases in humans,
animals, and plants
• infestations

Answer 10

Biological Hazards

Question 11

• are man-made hazards caused by
technological, infrastructure, or industrial accidents or failures.
Examples: nuclear explosion, industrial pollution, vehicular accidents, industrial explosions and fires, and collapse of buildings.

Answer 11

TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARD

Question 12

• are processes caused or induced by human activities or in combination with natural hazards.
Examples:
• deforestation, land degradation, loss of biodiversity
• land, water, and air pollution
• climate change
• ozone depletion

Answer 12

ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION

Question 13

Types of Hazards

Answer 13

1. Slow onset hazards
2. Rapid or sudden onset hazards

Question 14

• are hazards that have early signs or
indicators before its occurrence.
(* sea level rise; * increasing temperatures; * ocean
acidification; * glacial retreat and related impacts; *
salinization; * land and forest degradation; * loss of
biodiversity; * desertification).

Answer 14

Slow onset hazards

Question 15

• are hazards that occur or strike without any prior signs or warnings.
(wind storms, floods, wild fires, landslides, avalanches, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.)

Answer 15

Rapid or sudden onset hazards

Question 16

Impacts of Various Hazards

Answer 16

1.Physical Impact
2. Psychological Impact
3. Socio-cultural Impact
4. Economic Impact
5. Environmental Impact
6. Biological Impact

Question 17

• death and injuries (casualties) of people, and
destruction or damages to properties and infrastructures.

Answer 17

Physical Impact

Question 18

• psychological trauma, chronic anxiety,
depression, and other emotional and mental
disorders.

Answer 18

Psychological Impact

Question 19

• migration, alteration of traditional social
status, loss of cultural identity, ethnic
conflicts, sexual abuse and domestic
violence, and changes in lifestyle.

Answer 19

Socio-cultural Impact

Question 20

• loss of employment, livelihood and
property/land.

Answer 20

Economic Impact

Question 21

• environmental contamination, loss of forests and natural rivers.

Answer 21

Environmental Impact

Question 22

• spread of epidemic diseases to people, flora and fauna.

Answer 22

Biological Impact