Risk factors for aspiration induced lung injury Flashcards
1
Q
depressed LOC
A
- anesthesia
- TBI
- sedation
- ETOH intoxification
- encephalopathy
- seizure
2
Q
impaires/depressed gag reflex
A
ETT
bulbar paralysis
presence of nasogastric
3
Q
gastrointestinal disorders
A
- esophageal motility disorders/esophageal surgery
- gastroesophageal reflux**
- gastroparesis
- bowel obstruction/ileus**
- ascites
- hiatal hernia
- gastric obstruction (pyloric stenosis, or duodenal ulcer)
- gastrointestinal surgery
4
Q
drugs
A
- anticholinergics
- adrenergic agents
- nitrates
- phosphodiesterase inhibitors
- Ca channels blockers
- opioids
- anesthetic or sedative agents
- increased ASA = increased Risk
5
Q
Other condition:
A
- ASA classifciations 3, 4, 5
- comorbidities= sickers and increased risk of aspiration
- obesity
- N/V
- anxiety
- Parkinsons disease
- MS
- Position(prone, lithotomy)
- DM type 1
6
Q
Emergency
A
full stomach, increased SNS, decreased PNS
- trauma not NPO, depressed LOC
7
Q
obstetrics and pregnancy
A
incompetent LES, decreased peristalsis, basic pH, increased gastric pressure
8
Q
age extremes
A
less than 1 year- neonates have not developed swallowing and breathing reflexes
- greater than 70
9
Q
failed or difficult airway hx
A
- we inflate air into stomach
10
Q
severe hypotension
A
stimulates vomiting center in brain
