Risk Facotirs Flashcards
What are the three main factors contributing to the development of addiction?
Genetic vulnerability, stress, personality , family influencers and peers
These factors can interact in complex ways to influence an individual’s likelihood of developing an addiction.
According to Social Learning Theory (SLT), how do individuals learn addictive behaviors?
Through observation of others and those they have most contact with
Peer encouragement and approval serve as reinforcement for addictive behaviors.
What role do peer networks play in addiction?
Influence initiation, maintenance, and relapse of addiction
Peers may increase access to drugs and encourage relapse.
What is the premise of Social Identity Theory (SIT) as it relates to addiction?
Much of our social identity is gained through being members of ingroups, adopting norms and behaviors central to the group
For example, in peer groups where smoking is central, individuals are likely to have similar smoking habits.
True or False: Peer networks only influence the initiation of addiction.
False
They also influence maintenance and can be critical in relapse.
What does research suggest about peer influence and addictive behavior?
Direct experience determines whether addictive behaviors are continued after initiation
This highlights the importance of both social and personal factors in addiction.
What family factor increases the risk of addiction?
Family history of addiction
Genetic predisposition may play a role in the likelihood of developing drug addiction.
What is a protective factor against developing an addiction?
Lack of family members that use drugs
This suggests a lack of genetic predisposition.
How does peer pressure influence drug use?
It is a strong factor in starting to use and misuse drugs, particularly for young people.
What effect does early drug use have on the brain?
It can cause changes in the developing brain and increase the likelihood of progressing to drug addiction.
What is a positive factor that can decrease the risk of addiction?
Good community bonds and associations with positive role models.
What role does self-control play in addiction risk?
Higher levels of self-control can decrease the risk of addiction.
How does family involvement affect addiction risk?
Lack of family involvement may increase the risk of addiction.
What impact does a mental health disorder have on addiction risk?
Increases the likelihood of becoming addicted to drugs.
What can using drugs become for individuals with mental health disorders?
A way of coping with painful feelings such as anxiety, depression, and loneliness.
What personal crises can increase the risk of addiction?
Job loss, divorce, retirement, illness, and death.
What ability can help cope with change and crisis to reduce addiction risk?
Having strong family bonds and support networks.
Fill in the blank: An individual with _______ mental health condition is less likely to turn to drugs for coping.
no evident
How does personality affect addiction
Neuroticism- high levels of anxiety needing something to calm you don’t
Extravesiom- seeking more stimulation extroverts are more under arosed
Psychtism-impulsive, aggressive sensation seeking
What was clongers tri demontal theory
High novelty seeking
High reward dependence
Low response to danger
What types of stress act as a coping mechanism for addiction
Everyday stress
Trauma stress
What researcher said becoming addicted because of stress is a coping mechanism
Gelkoft
Stress and links with rats
Pizza found that when rats tails were pinched it cause rats to seek more drugs
Scheiner
Alcohol dependence happens twice as much for those with social phobias
What evaluation can be applied to all?
There is an alternative explanation
There is an alternative explanation and cause and effect
Peer networks affects addiction by
Slt observing someone’s behaviour
Through conformity and normative social Influcencw to fit in
Sit- identity yourself with that group and becoming addicted to the groups central thing eg smoking
Susannan and arms
Best prediction for drugs use for teens is peers creating that to be the norm
Genetics ?
Predisposition of an addiction to drugs
What genes do gamblers have
A1 DRD2 gene
How do family influences play a role in addiction
Experiences, social learning, parenting style
