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Chapter 8 > Risk assessments > Flashcards

Risk assessments Flashcards

1
Q

The process of risk assessment includes both a — and —- component
Name them

A

Prediction and management

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2
Q

The critical function. Of risk assessments is violence —— not violence —–

A

Prevention

Not prediction

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3
Q

Name how risk assessments are conducted for criminal and civil contexts

A 
Civil context:
- civil commitment ( psychiatric hold) 
- child protective services 
-Immigration laws
-School and labour relations 
Duty to warn

Criminal setting :

  • granting for parole prison and psych facilities
  • assessment for potential risk
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4
Q

In risk assessments, predicting future events will result in one of four outcomes what are they?

A

True positive
True negative
False positive
False negative

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5
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour( violent act) does so

Is a definition of what?

A

True positive

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6
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person who is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of what?

A

True negative

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7
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of wha?

A

False positive

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8
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does

Is a definition of what?

A

False negative

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9
Q

A false positive error has implications for the individual being assessed
Name one
Whereas a false negative error has implications for society and the potential vicitims

Give some examples

A

Such as a denial of freedom

Such as another child victimized by a sexual offender

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10
Q

What is an issue with the base rate problem ?

A

It does not show an accurate rate of criminal activity within a percentage of people.

It is better to limit research to groups with high base rate of violence such a as incarcerated offenders

It is easier to predict frequent events than infrequent events

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11
Q

What cases have been responsible for the implementation of risk assessments?

A

Baxstrom v. Herald ( detained beyond his sentence expiry )

Dixon v. Attorney general of the commonweatlth of Pennsylvania ( people who were released from psych hospitals committed crime within 4 years of release)

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12
Q

What are the existing methods(3)of doing risk assessment ?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement
Actuarial prediction
Structures profession judgement

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13
Q

Decisions characterized by a substantial amount of professional discretion and lack of guidelines

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement

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14
Q

Decisions are based on risk factors that are selected and combined Based on their empirical or statistical association with a specific outcome

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Actuarial prediction

* mechanical prediction**

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15
Q

Decisions are guided by a predetermined list of risk factors that have been selected from the research and professional literature. Judgement of risk level is based on the evaluators professional judgment

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Structure professional judgement

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16
Q

—– is a measurable feature of an individual that predicts the behaviour of interest, such as violence.

A

Risk factors

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17
Q

Risk factors are divided into two types, what are they?

A

Static and dynamic

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18
Q

Risk factor that does not fluctuate over time and is not changed by treatment ( eg.. Age at first arrest)

Is a definition of what type of risk factor ?

A

Static risk factor

*aka historical risk factor

Past behaviour
Age of onset
Childhood history of maltreatment

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19
Q

Risk factors that fluctuate over time and are amenable to change

Is a definition of what type of risk factor?

A

Dynamic risk factor

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20
Q

Researchers have investigated and found factors that are associated with future violence

What are they?

A 
Historical risk factors ( static risk factor)
Dispositional risk factors
Clinical risk factors
Contextual risk factors
Situational risk factors
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21
Q

——-Risk factors that reflects the individuals traits, tendencies, or styles (personality )

A

Dispositional risk factors

Impulsiveness and psychopathy

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22
Q

——Types and symptoms of mental disorders (substance abuse )

A

Clinical risk factors

Mental disorders

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23
Q

—–Risk factors that refer to aspects of the current environment ( access to victims or weapons)

A

Contextual risk factors ( situational risk factors)

Lack of social support

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24
Q

What are two commonly used risk assessment instruments ?

A

VRAG( violent risk appraisal guide)

HCR-20

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25
Q

The — is an emprically derived 12 item measure designed to assess the Long term risk for violent recidivism in offenders with mental illnesses

A

VRAG

Violence risk appraisal guide

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26
Q

—— was designed to predict violent behaviour in correctional and forensic psychiatric patients

A

HCR-20

Past violence
Dynamic risk factors
Risk management

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27
Q

What are some of the differences between men and woman offenders

A

Woman engage in much less criminal behaviour ( prostitution)

Woman are more likely to have a mental disorder( skiz,bipolar,depression)

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28
Q

What risk assessment tool is mostly used on woman offenders?

A

LSI-R

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29
Q

Describe the recidivism process

A

Precipitating situation
Cogivifice & emotional appraisal
Individual influences
Available response mechanism

Criminal Behavior

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30
Q

——- factors that mitigate or reduce the likelihood of a negative outcome(eg. Delinquency, aggression)

A

Protective factors

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31
Q

What are some examples of protective factors?

A

Strong social support
Prosocial involvement
Intelligence
Work, school

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32
Q

Prior to the 1900s, risk was seen as —- the individual was either dangerous or not dangerous. Nowadays, risk is regarded as a—– The individual can vary in the degree to which he or she is considered dangerous

A

Dichotomy

Range

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33
Q

The process of risk assessment includes both a — and —- component
Name them

A

Prediction and management

How well did you know this?
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34
Q

The critical function. Of risk assessments is violence —— not violence —–

A

Prevention

Not prediction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Name how risk assessments are conducted for criminal and civil contexts

A 
Civil context:
- civil commitment ( psychiatric hold) 
- child protective services 
-Immigration laws
-School and labour relations 
Duty to warn

Criminal setting :

  • granting for parole prison and psych facilities
  • assessment for potential risk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

In risk assessments, predicting future events will result in one of four outcomes what are they?

A

True positive
True negative
False positive
False negative

How well did you know this?
1
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3
4
5
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37
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour( violent act) does so

Is a definition of what?

A

True positive

How well did you know this?
1
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38
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person who is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of what?

A

True negative

How well did you know this?
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39
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of wha?

A

False positive

How well did you know this?
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40
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does

Is a definition of what?

A

False negative

How well did you know this?
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41
Q

A false positive error has implications for the individual being assessed
Name one
Whereas a false negative error has implications for society and the potential vicitims

Give some examples

A

Such as a denial of freedom

Such as another child victimized by a sexual offender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is an issue with the base rate problem ?

A

It does not show an accurate rate of criminal activity within a percentage of people.

It is better to limit research to groups with high base rate of violence such a as incarcerated offenders

It is easier to predict frequent events than infrequent events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What cases have been responsible for the implementation of risk assessments?

A

Baxstrom v. Herald ( detained beyond his sentence expiry )

Dixon v. Attorney general of the commonweatlth of Pennsylvania ( people who were released from psych hospitals committed crime within 4 years of release)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What are the existing methods(3)of doing risk assessment ?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement
Actuarial prediction
Structures profession judgement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Decisions characterized by a substantial amount of professional discretion and lack of guidelines

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement

How well did you know this?
1
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2
3
4
5
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46
Q

Decisions are based on risk factors that are selected and combined Based on their empirical or statistical association with a specific outcome

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Actuarial prediction

* mechanical prediction**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Prior to the 1900s, risk was seen as —- the individual was either dangerous or not dangerous. Nowadays, risk is regarded as a—– The individual can vary in the degree to which he or she is considered dangerous

A

Dichotomy

Range

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

The process of risk assessment includes both a — and —- component
Name them

A

Prediction and management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

The critical function. Of risk assessments is violence —— not violence —–

A

Prevention

Not prediction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Name how risk assessments are conducted for criminal and civil contexts

A 
Civil context:
- civil commitment ( psychiatric hold) 
- child protective services 
-Immigration laws
-School and labour relations 
Duty to warn

Criminal setting :

  • granting for parole prison and psych facilities
  • assessment for potential risk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

In risk assessments, predicting future events will result in one of four outcomes what are they?

A

True positive
True negative
False positive
False negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour( violent act) does so

Is a definition of what?

A

True positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person who is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of what?

A

True negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of wha?

A

False positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
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55
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does

Is a definition of what?

A

False negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

A false positive error has implications for the individual being assessed
Name one
Whereas a false negative error has implications for society and the potential vicitims

Give some examples

A

Such as a denial of freedom

Such as another child victimized by a sexual offender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What is an issue with the base rate problem ?

A

It does not show an accurate rate of criminal activity within a percentage of people.

It is better to limit research to groups with high base rate of violence such a as incarcerated offenders

It is easier to predict frequent events than infrequent events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What cases have been responsible for the implementation of risk assessments?

A

Baxstrom v. Herald ( detained beyond his sentence expiry )

Dixon v. Attorney general of the commonweatlth of Pennsylvania ( people who were released from psych hospitals committed crime within 4 years of release)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What are the existing methods(3)of doing risk assessment ?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement
Actuarial prediction
Structures profession judgement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Decisions characterized by a substantial amount of professional discretion and lack of guidelines

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Decisions are based on risk factors that are selected and combined Based on their empirical or statistical association with a specific outcome

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Actuarial prediction

* mechanical prediction**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Prior to the 1900s, risk was seen as —- the individual was either dangerous or not dangerous. Nowadays, risk is regarded as a—– The individual can vary in the degree to which he or she is considered dangerous

A

Dichotomy

Range

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

The process of risk assessment includes both a — and —- component
Name them

A

Prediction and management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

The critical function. Of risk assessments is violence —— not violence —–

A

Prevention

Not prediction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Name how risk assessments are conducted for criminal and civil contexts

A 
Civil context:
- civil commitment ( psychiatric hold) 
- child protective services 
-Immigration laws
-School and labour relations 
Duty to warn

Criminal setting :

  • granting for parole prison and psych facilities
  • assessment for potential risk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

In risk assessments, predicting future events will result in one of four outcomes what are they?

A

True positive
True negative
False positive
False negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour( violent act) does so

Is a definition of what?

A

True positive

68
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person who is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of what?

A

True negative

69
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of wha?

A

False positive

70
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does

Is a definition of what?

A

False negative

71
Q

A false positive error has implications for the individual being assessed
Name one
Whereas a false negative error has implications for society and the potential vicitims

Give some examples

A

Such as a denial of freedom

Such as another child victimized by a sexual offender

72
Q

What is an issue with the base rate problem ?

A

It does not show an accurate rate of criminal activity within a percentage of people.

It is better to limit research to groups with high base rate of violence such a as incarcerated offenders

It is easier to predict frequent events than infrequent events

73
Q

What cases have been responsible for the implementation of risk assessments?

A

Baxstrom v. Herald ( detained beyond his sentence expiry )

Dixon v. Attorney general of the commonweatlth of Pennsylvania ( people who were released from psych hospitals committed crime within 4 years of release)

74
Q

What are the existing methods(3)of doing risk assessment ?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement
Actuarial prediction
Structures profession judgement

75
Q

Decisions characterized by a substantial amount of professional discretion and lack of guidelines

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement

76
Q

Decisions are based on risk factors that are selected and combined Based on their empirical or statistical association with a specific outcome

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Actuarial prediction

* mechanical prediction**

77
Q

Prior to the 1900s, risk was seen as —- the individual was either dangerous or not dangerous. Nowadays, risk is regarded as a—– The individual can vary in the degree to which he or she is considered dangerous

A

Dichotomy

Range

78
Q

The process of risk assessment includes both a — and —- component
Name them

A

Prediction and management

79
Q

The critical function. Of risk assessments is violence —— not violence —–

A

Prevention

Not prediction

80
Q

Name how risk assessments are conducted for criminal and civil contexts

A 
Civil context:
- civil commitment ( psychiatric hold) 
- child protective services 
-Immigration laws
-School and labour relations 
Duty to warn

Criminal setting :

  • granting for parole prison and psych facilities
  • assessment for potential risk
81
Q

In risk assessments, predicting future events will result in one of four outcomes what are they?

A

True positive
True negative
False positive
False negative

82
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour( violent act) does so

Is a definition of what?

A

True positive

83
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person who is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of what?

A

True negative

84
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of wha?

A

False positive

85
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does

Is a definition of what?

A

False negative

86
Q

A false positive error has implications for the individual being assessed
Name one
Whereas a false negative error has implications for society and the potential vicitims

Give some examples

A

Such as a denial of freedom

Such as another child victimized by a sexual offender

87
Q

What is an issue with the base rate problem ?

A

It does not show an accurate rate of criminal activity within a percentage of people.

It is better to limit research to groups with high base rate of violence such a as incarcerated offenders

It is easier to predict frequent events than infrequent events

88
Q

What cases have been responsible for the implementation of risk assessments?

A

Baxstrom v. Herald ( detained beyond his sentence expiry )

Dixon v. Attorney general of the commonweatlth of Pennsylvania ( people who were released from psych hospitals committed crime within 4 years of release)

89
Q

What are the existing methods(3)of doing risk assessment ?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement
Actuarial prediction
Structures profession judgement

90
Q

Decisions characterized by a substantial amount of professional discretion and lack of guidelines

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement

91
Q

Decisions are based on risk factors that are selected and combined Based on their empirical or statistical association with a specific outcome

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Actuarial prediction

* mechanical prediction**

92
Q

Prior to the 1900s, risk was seen as —- the individual was either dangerous or not dangerous. Nowadays, risk is regarded as a—– The individual can vary in the degree to which he or she is considered dangerous

A

Dichotomy

Range

93
Q

The process of risk assessment includes both a — and —- component
Name them

A

Prediction and management

94
Q

The critical function. Of risk assessments is violence —— not violence —–

A

Prevention

Not prediction

95
Q

Name how risk assessments are conducted for criminal and civil contexts

A 
Civil context:
- civil commitment ( psychiatric hold) 
- child protective services 
-Immigration laws
-School and labour relations 
Duty to warn

Criminal setting :

  • granting for parole prison and psych facilities
  • assessment for potential risk
96
Q

In risk assessments, predicting future events will result in one of four outcomes what are they?

A

True positive
True negative
False positive
False negative

97
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour( violent act) does so

Is a definition of what?

A

True positive

98
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person who is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of what?

A

True negative

99
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of wha?

A

False positive

100
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does

Is a definition of what?

A

False negative

101
Q

A false positive error has implications for the individual being assessed
Name one
Whereas a false negative error has implications for society and the potential vicitims

Give some examples

A

Such as a denial of freedom

Such as another child victimized by a sexual offender

102
Q

What is an issue with the base rate problem ?

A

It does not show an accurate rate of criminal activity within a percentage of people.

It is better to limit research to groups with high base rate of violence such a as incarcerated offenders

It is easier to predict frequent events than infrequent events

103
Q

What cases have been responsible for the implementation of risk assessments?

A

Baxstrom v. Herald ( detained beyond his sentence expiry )

Dixon v. Attorney general of the commonweatlth of Pennsylvania ( people who were released from psych hospitals committed crime within 4 years of release)

104
Q

What are the existing methods(3)of doing risk assessment ?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement
Actuarial prediction
Structures profession judgement

105
Q

Decisions characterized by a substantial amount of professional discretion and lack of guidelines

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement

106
Q

Decisions are based on risk factors that are selected and combined Based on their empirical or statistical association with a specific outcome

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Actuarial prediction

* mechanical prediction**

107
Q

Prior to the 1900s, risk was seen as —- the individual was either dangerous or not dangerous. Nowadays, risk is regarded as a—– The individual can vary in the degree to which he or she is considered dangerous

A

Dichotomy

Range

108
Q

The process of risk assessment includes both a — and —- component
Name them

A

Prediction and management

109
Q

The critical function. Of risk assessments is violence —— not violence —–

A

Prevention

Not prediction

110
Q

Name how risk assessments are conducted for criminal and civil contexts

A 
Civil context:
- civil commitment ( psychiatric hold) 
- child protective services 
-Immigration laws
-School and labour relations 
Duty to warn

Criminal setting :

  • granting for parole prison and psych facilities
  • assessment for potential risk
111
Q

In risk assessments, predicting future events will result in one of four outcomes what are they?

A

True positive
True negative
False positive
False negative

112
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour( violent act) does so

Is a definition of what?

A

True positive

113
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person who is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of what?

A

True negative

114
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of wha?

A

False positive

115
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does

Is a definition of what?

A

False negative

116
Q

A false positive error has implications for the individual being assessed
Name one
Whereas a false negative error has implications for society and the potential vicitims

Give some examples

A

Such as a denial of freedom

Such as another child victimized by a sexual offender

117
Q

What is an issue with the base rate problem ?

A

It does not show an accurate rate of criminal activity within a percentage of people.

It is better to limit research to groups with high base rate of violence such a as incarcerated offenders

It is easier to predict frequent events than infrequent events

118
Q

What cases have been responsible for the implementation of risk assessments?

A

Baxstrom v. Herald ( detained beyond his sentence expiry )

Dixon v. Attorney general of the commonweatlth of Pennsylvania ( people who were released from psych hospitals committed crime within 4 years of release)

119
Q

What are the existing methods(3)of doing risk assessment ?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement
Actuarial prediction
Structures profession judgement

120
Q

Decisions characterized by a substantial amount of professional discretion and lack of guidelines

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement

121
Q

Decisions are based on risk factors that are selected and combined Based on their empirical or statistical association with a specific outcome

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Actuarial prediction

* mechanical prediction**

122
Q

Prior to the 1900s, risk was seen as —- the individual was either dangerous or not dangerous. Nowadays, risk is regarded as a—– The individual can vary in the degree to which he or she is considered dangerous

A

Dichotomy

Range

123
Q

The process of risk assessment includes both a — and —- component
Name them

A

Prediction and management

124
Q

The critical function. Of risk assessments is violence —— not violence —–

A

Prevention

Not prediction

125
Q

Name how risk assessments are conducted for criminal and civil contexts

A 
Civil context:
- civil commitment ( psychiatric hold) 
- child protective services 
-Immigration laws
-School and labour relations 
Duty to warn

Criminal setting :

  • granting for parole prison and psych facilities
  • assessment for potential risk
126
Q

In risk assessments, predicting future events will result in one of four outcomes what are they?

A

True positive
True negative
False positive
False negative

127
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour( violent act) does so

Is a definition of what?

A

True positive

128
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person who is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of what?

A

True negative

129
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of wha?

A

False positive

130
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does

Is a definition of what?

A

False negative

131
Q

A false positive error has implications for the individual being assessed
Name one
Whereas a false negative error has implications for society and the potential vicitims

Give some examples

A

Such as a denial of freedom

Such as another child victimized by a sexual offender

132
Q

What is an issue with the base rate problem ?

A

It does not show an accurate rate of criminal activity within a percentage of people.

It is better to limit research to groups with high base rate of violence such a as incarcerated offenders

It is easier to predict frequent events than infrequent events

133
Q

What cases have been responsible for the implementation of risk assessments?

A

Baxstrom v. Herald ( detained beyond his sentence expiry )

Dixon v. Attorney general of the commonweatlth of Pennsylvania ( people who were released from psych hospitals committed crime within 4 years of release)

134
Q

What are the existing methods(3)of doing risk assessment ?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement
Actuarial prediction
Structures profession judgement

135
Q

Decisions characterized by a substantial amount of professional discretion and lack of guidelines

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement

136
Q

Decisions are based on risk factors that are selected and combined Based on their empirical or statistical association with a specific outcome

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Actuarial prediction

* mechanical prediction**

137
Q

Prior to the 1900s, risk was seen as —- the individual was either dangerous or not dangerous. Nowadays, risk is regarded as a—– The individual can vary in the degree to which he or she is considered dangerous

A

Dichotomy

Range

138
Q

The process of risk assessment includes both a — and —- component
Name them

A

Prediction and management

139
Q

The critical function. Of risk assessments is violence —— not violence —–

A

Prevention

Not prediction

140
Q

Name how risk assessments are conducted for criminal and civil contexts

A 
Civil context:
- civil commitment ( psychiatric hold) 
- child protective services 
-Immigration laws
-School and labour relations 
Duty to warn

Criminal setting :

  • granting for parole prison and psych facilities
  • assessment for potential risk
141
Q

In risk assessments, predicting future events will result in one of four outcomes what are they?

A

True positive
True negative
False positive
False negative

142
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour( violent act) does so

Is a definition of what?

A

True positive

143
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person who is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of what?

A

True negative

144
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of wha?

A

False positive

145
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does

Is a definition of what?

A

False negative

146
Q

A false positive error has implications for the individual being assessed
Name one
Whereas a false negative error has implications for society and the potential vicitims

Give some examples

A

Such as a denial of freedom

Such as another child victimized by a sexual offender

147
Q

What is an issue with the base rate problem ?

A

It does not show an accurate rate of criminal activity within a percentage of people.

It is better to limit research to groups with high base rate of violence such a as incarcerated offenders

It is easier to predict frequent events than infrequent events

148
Q

What cases have been responsible for the implementation of risk assessments?

A

Baxstrom v. Herald ( detained beyond his sentence expiry )

Dixon v. Attorney general of the commonweatlth of Pennsylvania ( people who were released from psych hospitals committed crime within 4 years of release)

149
Q

What are the existing methods(3)of doing risk assessment ?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement
Actuarial prediction
Structures profession judgement

150
Q

Decisions characterized by a substantial amount of professional discretion and lack of guidelines

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement

151
Q

Decisions are based on risk factors that are selected and combined Based on their empirical or statistical association with a specific outcome

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Actuarial prediction

* mechanical prediction**

152
Q

Prior to the 1900s, risk was seen as —- the individual was either dangerous or not dangerous. Nowadays, risk is regarded as a—– The individual can vary in the degree to which he or she is considered dangerous

A

Dichotomy

Range

153
Q

The process of risk assessment includes both a — and —- component
Name them

A

Prediction and management

154
Q

The critical function. Of risk assessments is violence —— not violence —–

A

Prevention

Not prediction

155
Q

Name how risk assessments are conducted for criminal and civil contexts

A 
Civil context:
- civil commitment ( psychiatric hold) 
- child protective services 
-Immigration laws
-School and labour relations 
Duty to warn

Criminal setting :

  • granting for parole prison and psych facilities
  • assessment for potential risk
156
Q

In risk assessments, predicting future events will result in one of four outcomes what are they?

A

True positive
True negative
False positive
False negative

157
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour( violent act) does so

Is a definition of what?

A

True positive

158
Q

A correct prediction that occurs when a person who is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of what?

A

True negative

159
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted to engage in some type of behaviour but does not

Is a definition of wha?

A

False positive

160
Q

An incorrect prediction that occurs when a person is predicted not to engage in some type of behaviour but does

Is a definition of what?

A

False negative

161
Q

A false positive error has implications for the individual being assessed
Name one
Whereas a false negative error has implications for society and the potential vicitims

Give some examples

A

Such as a denial of freedom

Such as another child victimized by a sexual offender

162
Q

What is an issue with the base rate problem ?

A

It does not show an accurate rate of criminal activity within a percentage of people.

It is better to limit research to groups with high base rate of violence such a as incarcerated offenders

It is easier to predict frequent events than infrequent events

163
Q

What cases have been responsible for the implementation of risk assessments?

A

Baxstrom v. Herald ( detained beyond his sentence expiry )

Dixon v. Attorney general of the commonweatlth of Pennsylvania ( people who were released from psych hospitals committed crime within 4 years of release)

164
Q

What are the existing methods(3)of doing risk assessment ?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement
Actuarial prediction
Structures profession judgement

165
Q

Decisions characterized by a substantial amount of professional discretion and lack of guidelines

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Unstructured clinical judgement

166
Q

Decisions are based on risk factors that are selected and combined Based on their empirical or statistical association with a specific outcome

Is a definition for what type of risk assessment method?

A

Actuarial prediction

* mechanical prediction**

167
Q

Prior to the 1900s, risk was seen as —- the individual was either dangerous or not dangerous. Nowadays, risk is regarded as a—– The individual can vary in the degree to which he or she is considered dangerous

A

Dichotomy

Range

Chapter 8 (7 decks)

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