Juries Flashcards

0
Q

In Canada courts, the courts deals with both civil and criminal cases. Criminal cases are those in which an act was allegedly committed as found in the ——-. In contrast, civil cases are those that involve———– or other claims of —— ( know as —-)

A

Criminal code of Canada

Breach of contract or other claims of harm ( aka torts)

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1
Q

–to— member jury trials often occur in civil cases, whereas — (#)member juries are typical in criminal cases

A

6-8
12 member
** verdicts do not nessecairly have to be unanimous in civil trials **

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2
Q

There are 3 types of offences in Canada what are they?

A

Indictable offences
Summary offences
Hybrid offences

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3
Q

Summary offences are tried by —– . Defendant charged with a summary offence does not have the right to a trial ——-

A

Judge alone

Right to trial by jury

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4
Q

Less serious indictable offences ( theft, failure to comply with probation) are heard by ———- and highly serious offences (treason, murder, piracy ) are hard tried by ———-

A

Judge sitting alone

Tried by judge and jury

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5
Q

Maximum sentence that’s can be given for hybrid offences that are proceed by indictment is —–

A

5 or more years

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6
Q

Provincial and territorial legislation that outlines the eligibility criteria for jury service and how prospective jours must be selected

Is a definition of what ?

A

Juries act

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7
Q

A court order that states a time and place to go for jury duty
Is a definition of what?

A

Jury summons

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8
Q

In Canada criminal trials have —-(#)juries. Generally there are two types of challenges lawyers can use to reject a potential juror what are they ?

A

12 person

Peremptory challenge and challenge for cause

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9
Q

Peremptory challenge: lawyer does/does not have to provide a reason for rejecting potential juror

Crown and defence is allowed —– challenges (murder) whereas for most other crimes each has —— peremptory challenges

A

Does not
20
12

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10
Q

In many Canadian cases the lawyers are not allowed to ask prospective jurors questions to gain more information about them
True/ false

A

True

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11
Q

What are the 2 fundamental characteristics of juries ?

A

Representiveness

Impartiality

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12
Q

A jury composition that represents the community where the crime occurred
Is a definition of what ?

A

Representivness

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13
Q

A characteristics of jurors who are unbiased

Is a definition of what?

A

Impartiality

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14
Q

What are 3 things things a judge could order to keep a jurors impartial?

A

Change of venue
Adjournment (delaying the trial until sometime in the future)
Challenge for cause

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15
Q

Moving a trial to a community other than the one in which the crime occurred
Is a definition of what?

A

Change of venue

16
Q

Delaying the trial until sometime in the future

Is a definition of what ?

A

Adjournment

17
Q

An option to react biased jurors

A

Challenge for cause

18
Q

The main legal function of a jury is to —-as provided by the judge, to the admissible evidence in the case and to ——-

A

Apply the law

Render a verdict of guilt or innocence

19
Q

What are the other 4 functions of a jury ?

A

Use their wisdom
Act as conscience of the community
Protect against old laws
Increase knowledge of the cJs

20
Q

Occur when a jury ignores the law and the evidence, rendering a verdict based on some other criteria
Is a definition of what ?

A

Jury nullification

21
Q

The theory that when jurors are guided by their emotions and personal biases rather than by the law, chaos in judgments results
Is the definition of what ?

A

Chaos theory

22
Q

What are the 4 ways in which we can study juror and jury behaviour?

A

Post trial interviews
Archives
Simulation* most common methodologies used to investigate jury issues***
Field studies

23
Q

What are some of the benefits of jurors being allowed to take notes ?

A

Serve as a memory aid
Keep up with the evidence as it is being presented
Accurate record of the trial
Does not produce a distorted view of the case

24
In Canada a --------- in each case decides wether jours will be allowed to take notes
Trial judge
25
Allowing juror to ask question is up to the -------
Judge presiding over the trial
26
What are the 2 jury decision making models
Mathematical model * Conducting a set of mental calculations regarding the importance and strength of each piece of evidence*** Explanation model * evidence is organized into a coherent whole called the story model ****
27
Although there must be a 12 person jury, in some cases a jury can still still continue with at least --- jurors
2
28
When individuals tend to become more extreme in the initial position following a group decisions Is a definition of what?
Polarization
29
When jurors move towards greater leniency during deliberations
Leniency bias
30
A Canadian jury must reach a ------- criminal verdict, if it cannot the jury is said to be a _____ jury or deadlock and a mistrial is declared
Unanimous | Hung jury
31
What are the 5 ways of predicting verdicts
``` Demographic variables Personality traits Additudes Defendant characteristics Victim characteristics ```
32
Variables such as race, sociemocnoic staus, and education of jours are what kind of predictive verdict variable
Demographic variables * ** racial bias*** * * black sheep effect*
33
When evidence is strong, similarity between defendant and jury leads to punitiveness is the definition of?
Black sheep effect
34
Two commonly personality traits that have been commonly measured in connection to jurors is ?
Authoritarianism | Dogmatism
35
Tend to have right wing political views and are conservative and ridged thinkers who acquiesce to authority Is a definition of what ?
Authoritarianism personality trait
36
Tend to be rigid and close- minded but without the political overtones found with the authoritarianism construct Is a definition of what ?
Dogmatism