Juries

Question 0

In Canada courts, the courts deals with both civil and criminal cases. Criminal cases are those in which an act was allegedly committed as found in the ——-. In contrast, civil cases are those that involve———– or other claims of —— ( know as —-)

Answer 0

Criminal code of Canada

Breach of contract or other claims of harm ( aka torts)

Question 1

–to— member jury trials often occur in civil cases, whereas — (#)member juries are typical in criminal cases

Answer 1

6-8
12 member
** verdicts do not nessecairly have to be unanimous in civil trials **

Question 2

There are 3 types of offences in Canada what are they?

Answer 2

Indictable offences
Summary offences
Hybrid offences

Question 3

Summary offences are tried by —– . Defendant charged with a summary offence does not have the right to a trial ——-

Answer 3

Judge alone

Right to trial by jury

Question 4

Less serious indictable offences ( theft, failure to comply with probation) are heard by ———- and highly serious offences (treason, murder, piracy ) are hard tried by ———-

Answer 4

Judge sitting alone

Tried by judge and jury

Question 5

Maximum sentence that’s can be given for hybrid offences that are proceed by indictment is —–

Answer 5

5 or more years

Question 6

Provincial and territorial legislation that outlines the eligibility criteria for jury service and how prospective jours must be selected

Is a definition of what ?

Answer 6

Juries act

Question 7

A court order that states a time and place to go for jury duty
Is a definition of what?

Answer 7

Jury summons

Question 8

In Canada criminal trials have —-(#)juries. Generally there are two types of challenges lawyers can use to reject a potential juror what are they ?

Answer 8

12 person

Peremptory challenge and challenge for cause

Question 9

Peremptory challenge: lawyer does/does not have to provide a reason for rejecting potential juror

Crown and defence is allowed —– challenges (murder) whereas for most other crimes each has —— peremptory challenges

Answer 9

Does not
20
12

Question 10

In many Canadian cases the lawyers are not allowed to ask prospective jurors questions to gain more information about them
True/ false

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What are the 2 fundamental characteristics of juries ?

Answer 11

Representiveness

Impartiality

Question 12

A jury composition that represents the community where the crime occurred
Is a definition of what ?

Answer 12

Representivness

Question 13

A characteristics of jurors who are unbiased

Is a definition of what?

Answer 13

Impartiality

Question 14

What are 3 things things a judge could order to keep a jurors impartial?

Answer 14

Change of venue
Adjournment (delaying the trial until sometime in the future)
Challenge for cause

Question 15

Moving a trial to a community other than the one in which the crime occurred
Is a definition of what?

Answer 15

Change of venue

Question 16

Delaying the trial until sometime in the future

Is a definition of what ?

Answer 16

Adjournment

Question 17

An option to react biased jurors

Answer 17

Challenge for cause

Question 18

The main legal function of a jury is to —-as provided by the judge, to the admissible evidence in the case and to ——-

Answer 18

Apply the law

Render a verdict of guilt or innocence

Question 19

What are the other 4 functions of a jury ?

Answer 19

Use their wisdom
Act as conscience of the community
Protect against old laws
Increase knowledge of the cJs

Question 20

Occur when a jury ignores the law and the evidence, rendering a verdict based on some other criteria
Is a definition of what ?

Answer 20

Jury nullification

Question 21

The theory that when jurors are guided by their emotions and personal biases rather than by the law, chaos in judgments results
Is the definition of what ?

Answer 21

Chaos theory

Question 22

What are the 4 ways in which we can study juror and jury behaviour?

Answer 22

Post trial interviews
Archives
Simulation* most common methodologies used to investigate jury issues***
Field studies

Question 23

What are some of the benefits of jurors being allowed to take notes ?

Answer 23

Serve as a memory aid
Keep up with the evidence as it is being presented
Accurate record of the trial
Does not produce a distorted view of the case

Question 24

In Canada a ——— in each case decides wether jours will be allowed to take notes

Answer 24

Trial judge

Question 25

Allowing juror to ask question is up to the ——-

Answer 25

Judge presiding over the trial

Question 26

What are the 2 jury decision making models

Answer 26

Mathematical model * Conducting a set of mental calculations regarding the importance and strength of each piece of evidence***
Explanation model * evidence is organized into a coherent whole called the story model **

Question 27

Although there must be a 12 person jury, in some cases a jury can still still continue with at least — jurors

Answer 27

2

Question 28

When individuals tend to become more extreme in the initial position following a group decisions
Is a definition of what?

Answer 28

Polarization

Question 29

When jurors move towards greater leniency during deliberations

Answer 29

Leniency bias

Question 30

A Canadian jury must reach a ——- criminal verdict, if it cannot the jury is said to be a _____ jury or deadlock and a mistrial is declared

Answer 30

Unanimous

Hung jury

Question 31

What are the 5 ways of predicting verdicts

Answer 31

Demographic variables 
Personality traits 
Additudes
Defendant characteristics 
Victim characteristics

Question 32

Variables such as race, sociemocnoic staus, and education of jours are what kind of predictive verdict variable

Answer 32

Demographic variables

• ** racial bias***
• • black sheep effect*

Question 33

When evidence is strong, similarity between defendant and jury leads to punitiveness is the definition of?

Answer 33

Black sheep effect

Question 34

Two commonly personality traits that have been commonly measured in connection to jurors is ?

Answer 34

Authoritarianism

Dogmatism

Question 35

Tend to have right wing political views and are conservative and ridged thinkers who acquiesce to authority
Is a definition of what ?

Answer 35

Authoritarianism personality trait

Question 36

Tend to be rigid and close- minded but without the political overtones found with the authoritarianism construct
Is a definition of what ?

Answer 36

Dogmatism