Risk Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Colorectal screening in patients with first-degree relatives with a history of colon cancer

A

10 years prior to when the relative was diagnosed with colon cancer, or at age 40 (whichever comes first)
Repeat in 5 years

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2
Q

possible side effects of hormone replacement therapy for women

A

stroke
gallstones
blood clots

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3
Q

Does hormone replacement therapy prevent or cause osteoporosis?

A

HRT helps prevent osteoporosis

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4
Q

How often should adolescents have a complete physical exam?

A

Three visits: 11-14, 15-17, 18-21

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5
Q

When should adolescents and young adults (11-39) receive the HPV vaccine?

A

Ages 9-14: Series of two 6 months apart
Ages 15-26: Series of three at 0, 2, and 6 months
Ages 31-39: Series of three at 0, 2, and 6 months after shared decision making

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6
Q

HBV triple panel test

A

HBsAg
Anti-HBs
Total Anti-HBc

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7
Q

When should adolescents and adults (11-59) screen for HBV?

A

Starting at age 18, at least once in a lifetime.
Susceptible people should be tested periodically (e.g. Hx of STI or HCV)

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8
Q

How often should people receive Td/Tdap booster?

A

As early as age 7, every 10 years

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8
Q

Tdap: active or passive immunity?

A

active

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9
Q

How often should adolescents and adults (11-59) receive PPD screening?

A

Once during adolescence
Every 2 years if at risk or with any exposure to TB

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10
Q

How often should young/middle aged adults (20-59) have a complete physical exam?

A

every 5-6 years

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11
Q

How often should young/middle aged (20-59) women get a Pap smear and HPV co-test?

A

every 3 years
HPV co-test every 5 years

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12
Q

How often should adults undergo total cholesterol and HDL screening?

A

Starting at age 20, every 5 years unless cholesterol >200 mg/dl

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13
Q

Pneumococcal vaccine schedule for ages 19-64 with certain underlying conditions AND ages >65

A

PCV15 followed by PPSV23 >1 year

OR

PCV20

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14
Q

Mammogram schedule

A

Ages 45-54: every year
Age >55: every 2 years

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15
Q

When to start screening for prostate cancer

A

Family history of prostate cancer or African American:
- Age 40: digital prostate exam, PSA

Everyone else: age 50

16
Q

When should middle aged adults (40-59) receive the HPV vaccine?

A

Series of three at 0, 2, and 6 months after shared clinical decision making

17
Q

When to start screening for colorectal cancer?

A

age 45

Stool-based (annual fecal immunochemical test or multi target stool DNA test every 3 years)

OR

colonoscopy every 10 years

18
Q

How often should middle aged adults (40-59) undergo glaucoma screening

A

annually

19
Q

herpes zoster (Shingrix) vaccine schedule

A

age 50
series of two, second dose 2-6 months later

20
Q

How often should older adults (>60) have a complete physical exam?

A

every 2 years

21
Q

Major causes of death in adolescents

A

Accidents
Homicide
Suicide
Malignancy
Cardiovascular disease

22
Q

Major causes of death in young adults

A

Accidents
Homicide
Suicide
Liver disease
Heart disease
Malignancy
Covid-19

23
Q

Major causes of death in middle aged adults

A

Heart disease
Accidents
Malignancy
Liver disease
Suicide
DM
Covid-19

24
Q

Major causes of death in elderly adults

A

Heart disease
CVA
COPD
Alzheimer’s disease
Malignancy

25
Q

Top killers of adults in the US

A

Heart disease (CAD, HF, MI, cardiomyopathy)
cancer
covid-19
accidents
CVA

26
Q

Cancer with the highest mortality rate in men and women

A

lung cancer

27
Q

Leading GYN-associated cancer killer in women

A

ovarian cancer (no screening exam)
followed by breast cancer

28
Q

Pneumococcal vaccine is indicated for..

A

Ages 65 or older
Ages 19-64 who smoke or have asthma
Hx of lung, heart, liver, or kidney disease
Hx of chronic diseases or conditions (e.g. DM, cirrhosis, sickle cell disease, CSF leak, cochlear implant, alcoholism)
Weakened immune system d/t conditions, diseases, or medications

29
Q

Who should be considered for Hepatitis A vaccine?

A

military personnel
travelers to endemic areas
men who have sex with men

30
Q

Who should be considered for the Hepatitis B vaccine?

A

health care workers
high risk patients

31
Q

Mumps vaccine: how many doses?

A

If born before 1957: Consider 1 dose of vaccine unless evidence of immunity (clinically diagnosed mumps or positive serology)

If born after 1957: 2 doses of vaccine unless evidence of immunity

32
Q

Who should be considered for the meningococcal vaccine?

A

adolescents ages 11-12
“catch up” for college students, military personnel, immunocompromised, travelers (Africa)

33
Q

Routine vaccines for adults 65 and older

A

Tdap
Influenza
Pneumococcal
Shingles

34
Q

PCV: contradindications

A

Hx of severe allergic reaction to either pneumococcal vaccine or diphtheria toxoid

35
Q

contraindications for live attenuated influenza vaccine

A

age >49 or <2
allergy
immunocompromised
transplant recipient

inactivated influenza vaccine should be received annually for prophylaxis