Herbal Agents Flashcards
ginger: intended uses
nausea
dyspepsia
constipation
colic
ginger: side effects
heartburn
bloating
flatus
belching
ginger: precautions/interactions
increases risk of bleeding
avoid use w/ASA or warfarin
ginseng: intended uses
increase overall physical and mental wellbeing
lower cholesterol
reduce fatigue
enhance libido
ginseng: side effects
insomnia
Headaches
Nervousness
Nosebleeds
nausea
diarrhea
ginseng: precautions/interactions
increases risk of bleeding
avoid with ASA or warfarin
blood pressure changes
mania in depressed patients taking MAOIs
may inhibit the effects of opioids
St. John’s Wort: intended uses
depression
anxiety
sleep disorders
improve BPH symptoms
St. John’s Wort: side effects
increased sensitivity to sunlight
anxiety
dizziness, headache
fatigue
dry mouth
GI symptoms
sexual dysfunction
St. John’s Wort: precautions/interactions
increases risk of blood clotting
avoid w/ASA or warfarin
many drug interactions
-SSRIs: contribute to serotonin syndrome
-decrease effectiveness of OCPs, digoxin, alprazolam, amitriptyline
-may decrease effectiveness in HIV patients taking antriretrovirals
reacts with light
echinacea: intended uses
reduce symptoms of the common cold
echinacea: side effects
allergic reactions
nausea
abdominal pain
dysuria
myalgias
echinacea: precautions/interactions
anaphylaxis
hepatotoxicity
nephrotoxicity
may cause increased sedation during anesthesia
gingko biloba: intended uses
memory and concentration
improve symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease
intermittent claudication
glaucoma
gingko biloba: side effects
N/V/D
headaches
dizziness
palpitations
gingko biloba: precautions/interactions
increases risk of bleeding
avoid w/ASA, warfarin
may increase BP over time
black cohosh: intended uses
improving premenstrual and menopausal discomfort
black cohosh: side effects
N/V/D
mastalgia
weight gain
black cohosh: precautions/interactions
large amounts can cause seizures, visual disturbances, bradycardia
may increase risk of bleeding
mimics estrogen effects; avoid taking with hormone replacement
evening primrose: intended uses
improving premenstrual and menopausal discomfort
relieve diabetic neuropathic pain
evening primrose: side effects
Nausea
soft stools
headache
allergy
evening primrose: precautions/interactions
may increase risk of epilepsy in patients taking antipsychotics
may increase the incidence of seizures in patients with seizure disorders requiring anesthesia for surgery
kava kava: intended uses
improve relaxation without disrupting mental clarity
kava kava: side effects
rash
eye irritation
kava kava: precautions/interactions
higher doses and long-term use can lead to hypertension, liver damage, visual impairment, dry skin
alcohol increases toxic effects
may worsen Parkinson’s symptoms
may impair reaction time when driving
garlic: intended uses
improve indigestion
increase energy levels
garlic: side effects
bad breath
nausea
indigestion
garlic: precautions/interactions
increases risk of bleeding
avoid w/ASA and oral ACs
