Rise of the Nazis 1929-34

Question 1

What were the key features of the 25 point programme?

Answer 1

Cult of the Fuhrer, expansionist, anti-Semitic, militarism, national community, nationalist, anti-democratic, anti-versailles, anti-capitalism, censorship

Question 2

Why was Hitler a sucessful campaigner?

Answer 2

He appealed to all audiences - Christians, unemployed, agricultural. Highlights the weaknesses of previous government, nationlism played to nostalgia for the old KaiserReich.

Question 3

How did Hitler use the Reichstag Fire to his advantage?

Answer 3

Goring reacted immediately, accusing the Communists of planning a national uprising and using the police to arrest 4000 Party members, including Thalmann, the leader. KPD members remained on the ballot in order to split the left wing vote.

Question 4

What happened the day after the Reichstag Fire?

Answer 4

Hitler persuaded Hindenburg to use his powers under Article 48 to issue an emergency decree, suspending the democratic freedom provided by a Bill of Rights in the Weimar Constitution.

Question 5

When was the Reichstag Fire?

Answer 5

1933, 27 February

Question 6

When were the 1933 elections?

Answer 6

1933, March 5th

Question 7

What happened 13 March, 1933?

Answer 7

New Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda - control over the media.

Question 8

When was the Enabling Law passed?

Answer 8

1933, 24 March

Question 9

What was the Enabling Law?

Answer 9

A law passed that enabled Hitler to rule by decree - he could enact new laws without the president or the Reichstag

Question 10

When was the one day boycott of Jewish Shops?

Answer 10

1933, 1st April

Question 11

When was the destruction of trade unions?

Answer 11

1933, 2nd May

Question 12

When was the Law against the Formation of New Parties passed?

Answer 12

1933, 14 July

Question 13

Why was the law against the formation of new parties significant?

Answer 13

The elimnation of other political parties, prior to the law, parties had been disbanded or forcefully disbanded, making Germany a one party state.

Question 14

When was the Concordant of Rome, and why was it important?

Answer 14

1933, 20th July - removes the political role of the Vatican in Germany

Question 15

When was the Reichstag dissolved?

Answer 15

1933, 14th October

Question 16

How successful were the Nazis in 1933, 12 November?

Answer 16

Nazi candidates for Reichstag won 92% of votes

Question 17

When was the law of reconstruction of the State?

Answer 17

1934, 30th January

Question 18

Why was the law for the reconstruction of the state important?

Answer 18

From March 1933, many state governments were overthrown by SA violence, allowing the Recih government to appoint commissioners. The new laws formalised the situation. Elected state assemblies dissolved - Reich Governors created to run the states.

Question 19

When was the Night of the Long Knives?

Answer 19

1934, 30th June

Question 20

What happened on 2nd August, 1934?

Answer 20

The death of Hindenburg - creation of the role of Fuhrer and army oath of loyalty to Hitler by name.

Question 21

Give one way in which the Nazis targetted key groups in society.

Answer 21

Nazi organisations set up for teachers, doctors and an agricultural movement was set up in 1930

Question 22

How was the German economy affected by the depression?

Answer 22

National income down by 39% 1929-32. Industrial production down by more than 40%. Unemployed rose to over 6 million by 1932. 50,000 businesses were bankrupted. The economy collapsed in 1931, homelessness and poverty increased.

Question 23

What was the impact of the ‘Hitler over Germany campaign’?

Answer 23

Portrayed him as dynamic and modern e.g. using an aeroplance to campaign, and gave him greater national credibility

Question 24

How was Germany affected politically by the depression?

Answer 24

Muller’s Grand Coalition fell apart - caused by a combination of political weakness and constitutional difficutlies.

Question 25

What was the impact of Article 48 in 1931?

Answer 25

chancellors were forced to rely upon emergency presidential decrees under article 48, in 1930 there were just 5 compared to the 44 in 1931 - the German political system became more authoritarian.

Question 26

When was Mein Kampf published?

Answer 26

1925

Question 27

Nazi support in 1930 election

Answer 27

107 seats
18.3%

Question 28

Nazi support in July 1932

Answer 28

230 seats
37.3%

Largest party but no majority

Question 29

Nazi support in Nov 1932 election

Answer 29

196 seats
33.1%

Fall of 4% from Jul 32 for Nazis

Nazis again largest parties

Question 30

When was Hitler appointed chancelllor

Answer 30

30th Jan 1933

Question 31

What did Hitler do on his second day as Chancellor

Answer 31

Held a radio address urging to save the country from the left wing

Question 32

Why was the July 1932 election held

Answer 32

Von paper asked Hindenburg to dissolve the Reichstag to prevent a vote of no confidence days into his tenure as chancellor