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History AS Exam - Germany 1919-1934 > Rise of the Nazis (1924-39) > Flashcards

Rise of the Nazis (1924-39) Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the Kapp Putsch?

A

Kapp Putsch (March ‘20) was response to ordered disbandment 2 Freikorps groups. Anti-Weimar Kapp (Fatherland Party) and General Von Luttwitz led coup. It was ended by Ebert’s worker strike.

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2
Q

Who did right wing anti-Weimar radicals assassinate?

A

Erzberger ‘21 (Repre for Repar) and Rathenau ‘22 (Foreign Minister)

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3
Q

What caused the Munich Beer Hall Putsch, when did it happen, who led it and the consequences?

A

‘23 Hyperinflation and end of passive resistance in Ruhr infuriated Hitler. November 1923. 16 Nazis killed. Hitler arrested for treason. Sentenced to just 5 yrs.

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4
Q

What did Hitler do in prison?

A

In a 1 year sentence he wrote his extremist racist manifesto called Mein Kampf (My Struggle), shaping the Nazi ideology, and blaming other social groups for Germany’s failure - jews, communists etc.

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5
Q

When was Hitler released from prison?

A

HItler was released early - December 1924

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6
Q

What role was Goebbels appointed?

A

Goebbels became Gauleiter of Berlin

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7
Q

When was Goebbels appointed Gauleiter of Berlin?

A

1926

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8
Q

How much did Nazi membership increase from 1925-7?

A

From 27,000 to 72,000

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9
Q

What was the difference in votes for Nazis between 1924 and 1928?

A

32 seats + 6.5% in 1924, 12 seats + 2.6% in 1928

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10
Q

Why was the September 1930 election so important for the Nazis?

A

The nazis increased their vote from 2.6% to 18.3% with 107 seats in the Reichstag.

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11
Q

What schemes did Hitler use to domesticate the Nazi’s public image.

A

Hitler Youth in 1926 and National Socialist Teachers Association in 1929.

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12
Q

Why was the June 1932 election so important for the Nazis?

A

The nazis got 230 seats, becoming the majority over the KPD. They did lose some seats in the November 1932 elections.

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13
Q

What did Schleicher learn about Papen?

A

Von Papen threatened to dissolve Reichstag and become more military, forceful and authoritarian.

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14
Q

When did Hitler become chancellor?

A

30 January 1933

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15
Q

What was Goring’s role in this early chancellorship of Hitler?

A

Control of police - finding who they plan to target, terrorise and vicitimise

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16
Q

What was one of Hitler’s core principles?

A

Antisemitism. He expanded on this in Mein Kampf.

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17
Q

What did Hitler argue Jews were doing, in Mein Kampf?

A

Planning to undermine and destroy German values and invented communism to win support of masses.

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18
Q

Who did Hitler blame in Mein Kampf for their WWI defeat in 1918?

A

The Jews.

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19
Q

What were Hitler’s two key objectives in 1933?

A

Securing power and economic recovery. He hid his antisemitism to protect his image.

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20
Q

What happened on 1 April 1933?

A

A day-long nationwide boycott of Jewish businesses.

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21
Q

When was the nationwide boycott of Jewish businesses?

A

1 April 1933

22
Q

How successful was the 1 April boycott in 1933?

A

Wasn’t unanimous. Some people were violent, others ignored the pickets. It did not win overall support.

23
Q

When did the Anti-Semitic laws come into place?

A

7 April 1933 = Jews not allowed legal/civil service jobs. 22 April 1933 = Jewish doctors banned from working in the state health system, limited to 5% of school populations Jewish.

24
Q

What did Goebbels do in May 1933?

A

Book burnings of Jewish work/any opposition.

25
Q

What did the 7 April Anti-Semitic law do?

A

Banished Jews from legal/civil service work.

26
Q

What did the 22 April Anti-Semitic law do?

A

Banned Jews from working in the state health system.

27
Q

What did the 25 April Anti-Semitic law do?

A

Jewish students at school/university limited to 5%.

28
Q

How did the Hindenburg clause slightly protect Jews from the Anti-Semitic laws of 1933?

A

Meant that 70% of Jewish doctors and 75% of Jewish lawyers kept their jobs for a little longer.

29
Q

What marked a key turning point for the Nazis’ policy towards the Jews?

A

The Nuremberg Laws of 1935

30
Q

What did the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 do?

A

Jews officially became second-class citizens.
Jews denied German citizenship.
German-Jewish marriages banned.
Jews prohibited from employing German female servants under 45.

31
Q

What was a ‘Jew’ classified as?

A

Someone with 3 or more Jewish grandparents.

32
Q

What was a ‘Mischlinge’ classified as?

A

Someone with 1 or 2 Jewish grandparents.

33
Q

What would men need to prove to get into the SS?

A

Aryan ancestry back to 1650?

34
Q

When were the last Jewish civil servants dismissed? What did this mean for working Jews.

A
  1. Jews could no longer be employed in any state service.
35
Q

What event caused Goring to intensify the Anti-Semitic legislation?

A

The Berlin 1936 Olympics.

36
Q

What did Goring do in the aftermath of the 1936 Berlin Olympics?

A

Bought up Jewish firms and confiscated Jewish assets.

37
Q

Despite the mass confiscation of Jewish assets, how many Jewish businesses were left by April 1938?

A

40,000

38
Q

When was the Anschluss?

A

12 March 1938

39
Q

What did Goring do after the Anschluss?

A

Issued the Decree for the Registration of Jewish Property in April 1938

40
Q

What did the Decree for the Registration of Jewish Property do?

A

All Jewish property worth > RM 5,000 has to be registered and could not be sold/leased w/o government permission.

41
Q

What happened in June 1938?

A

Jewish doctors prohibited from treating German patients - later included lawyers, vets and dentists.

42
Q

What event sparked violence against Jews in November 1938?

A

The murder of a German embassy official in Paris by a Jewish youth.

43
Q

What was 9-10 November 1938?

A

Kristallnacht

44
Q

What was the destruction caused by Kristallnacht?

A

8,000 Jewish businesses, synagogues and homes destroyed, about 100 Jews killed, 20,000 arrested

45
Q

What happened on 12 November 1938?

A

Goring called a conference to co-ordinate Nazi policy against Jews. Called for a RM 1 Billion fine to be paid by Jews for Kristallnacht. Later, Jews were banned from economic activity.

46
Q

What was proposed by SS Deputy Heydrich at the 12 November 1938 conference?

A

To force Jews to wear identity badge which came into force in 1941.

47
Q

How many Jews were incorporated into the Reich in 1938?

A

200,000

48
Q

What did Eichmann set up in Vienna in August ‘38?

A

The Central Office for Jewish Emigration

49
Q

What happened to Jewish property in late 1938?

A

It was seized/used to pay for emigration.

50
Q

In 1939, what was set up by the SS?

A

A Reich Association for organising Jewish emigration.

51
Q

Who was in charge of Nazi Jewish Policy by 1939?

A

The SS.

52
Q

When was the Bamberg conference at what happened?

A

Feb 1926. Strasser attempted to make party more socialist. Hitler thwarts this attempt. Brandished Mein Kampf.

History AS Exam - Germany 1919-1934 (7 decks)

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