Rise of the Nazis

Question 1

When was the Nazi newspaper set up, what was it called?

Answer 1

December 1920: VOLKISCHER BEOBACHTER set up, as the Nazis became more popular

Question 2

When did Hitler become the Chairman of the Nazi party?

Answer 2

July 1921.

Question 3

How many members did the Nazi party have at the time of the Munich Putsch

Answer 3

55,000

Question 4

What happened in the Munich Putsch?

Answer 4

8 November 1923: Hitler and 600 SA members stormed a public meeting in Munich, declaring national revolution
9 November 1923: a march into central munich was blocked by Police.
16 Nazis killed in a street battle

Question 5

Why can the Munich Putsch be argued to be a success?

Answer 5

Feb-March 1924: Hitler’s trial gave Hitler a platform to express his views. He was only given 5 years imprisonment for treason.

Question 6

What was the Bamburg conference?

Answer 6

Feb 1925

• Obedience to Hitler
• Fuhrerprinzip
• Adherence to the Programme of 1920

Question 7

How did Hitler use the SA to increase his support?

Answer 7

Summer 1926 Von Pfeffer appointed their leader, their main role was now rallying and training.

Question 8

How did Hitler establish Fuhrerprinzip?

Answer 8

1926 Established Hitler Youth

1927 Some Gauleiters replaced.

Question 9

Effect of the Young Plan?

Answer 9

1929 joined the Reich Committee for a Referendum to Oppose the Young Plan

• Included Hugenburg
• Gave national exposure

Question 10

v

Answer 10

v

Question 11

What was the Revolt of the SA?

Answer 11

March 1931 Walter Stennes and SA members rebelled against orders of legality
Revolt wasn’t supported by SA members
Crackdown on SA, as a result

Question 12

Why was the economic collapse help the Nazis?

Answer 12

1931: economic collapse turned the attention of the Nazis away from their division, and the problems with street fights, etc., that the SA were causing.

Question 13

How did the Nazis do in the Presidential elections do in 1932?

Answer 13

Doubled their vote share, but this wasn’t enough to defeat Hindenburg.

Question 14

What was the reaction to the increase in street fights by the SA?

Answer 14

April 1932: Emergency decree banned the SA and SS, due to street fights and rumours Hitler planned to stage a coup if he won Presidency.
However, this rule was undermined by a whispering campaign by Schleicher.

Question 15

When was the ban on the SA lifted?

Answer 15

16 June 1932: ban overturned by Papen, under the condition that the Nazis would support the new cabinet.

Question 16

When did the Nazis become the largest party in the Reichstag?

Answer 16

July 1932 elections, but Hitler wasn’t immediately made Chancellor because he didn’t have an outright majority?

Question 17

What did Hitler do as a result of not being made Chancellor, despite being the largest party?

Answer 17

September 1932: Vote of no confidence in government.

November 1932: next election - Nazis remained largest party and with the ZP, could vote down any government.

Question 18

What was Hindenburg’s initial idea to appease HItler?

Answer 18

Offered Strasser the vice-chancellorship.

Hitler forced Strasser to resign, after he accepted the offer.

Question 19

What was the final agreement on appeasing Hitler, as he now lead the largest party?

Answer 19

30th January 1933

• Hitler as Chancellor
• Papen as Vice Chancellor
• Hitler surrounded by a coalition cabinet of moderates who Hindenburg approved of
• > Blomberg as Minister of Defence

Question 20

Why did the Enabling Act come about?

Answer 20

27 Feb 1933 Reichstag building set alight

28 Feb 1933 Decree for the Protection of People and State to limit liberties

Question 21

What did the Enabling Act do?

Answer 21

March 1933 Hitler proposes to transfer Parliament’s power to government for 4 years.
23 March 1933: Reichstag met to vote on it: KPD weren’t let in, and to avoid the SPD voting it down, Hitler allied with the ZP.

Question 22

Causes for the Night of Long Knives.

Answer 22

July 1933 Hitler announced the end to the revolution., to appease the civil service and big business on which his support rested.
The SA, and Ernst Rohm, began calling for a second revolution - half of the SA were working class, and many of which were radical socialists.
Hitler no longer needed them, he wanted to appease the elite, and they were now growing beyond control to 3m members.

Question 23

What happened in the Night of Long Knives.

Answer 23

30 June 1934 The Night of Long Knives

• Rohm and some SA leaders shot
• SA threat eliminated
• Schleicher and Strasser killed
• > 300 dead

Question 24

Consequences of the Knight of Long Knives?

Answer 24

• Army took oath of allegiance
• SA disarmed. Its purpose was now to attend rallies
• Emergence of SS
• Hitler secures political supremacy.

Question 25

When did Hindenburg die?

Answer 25

August 1934

Question 26

How many members did the Nazi party have in 1933

Answer 26

500,000

Question 27

Evidence Nazi party was still feared and not all liked?

Answer 27

SAs were a problem.

100 deaths in street fights in July 1932 alone.

Question 28

Early Nazi associations?

Answer 28

Hitler Youth and the German Women’s order.

The Nazi Welfare Organisation - ran soup kitchens.

Question 29

Evidence of door to door campaigning?

Answer 29

600,000 copies of Immediate Economic Programme issued, July 1932 for campaign.