Rise Of The Nazi Party Flashcards
What did Hitler persuade the party to do in 1920?
Change their name to National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi) and adopt a 25 point programme
What happens in 1921?
29th July Hitler becomes leader Adopts swastika as their emblem Storm troopers (SA) founded - mainly unemployed ex-soldiers
What were the good points that came out of the Munich Putschs failure?
24th February 1924 Hitlers trailed and the trial gives him a national platform to publicise the nazis
Only sentenced for 5 years in Landsberg prison
Why was Hitlers imprisonment in Landsberg prison in April a good thing?
Only stayed 9 months was released in December 1924
Writes Mein Kampf - bestseller
Hitler realises he needs to take power through political means
It’s comfortable
What were the bad things about the Munich Putsch?
Nazi party banned
Easily crushed
Hitler imprisoned
16 dead nazis
How was the party relaunched in 1925?
More focused on politics
SS set up
Special sections set up to recruit more members e.g. Hitler Youth
Branches founded across Germany
When does Goebbels take over Nazi Propaganda?
1926
How many seats do the Nazis have in the 1928 elections?
12
When does Himmler become head of the SS?
1929
How many members do the Nazis have by 1928?
Over 100 000
How rapidly does unemployment increase from 1928-1932?
From under one million to over six million
What happens in March 1930?
The coalition government collapses and Hindenburg rules increasingly by decree
How many members does the SA have in 1932?
500 000
What does the growth of communism during the depression cause?
Worries rich industrialists who fund the nazis and finance massive propaganda in the 1932 elections
How many seats do the nazis have in the September 1930 elections?
107
What happens in the April presidential elections?
Hitler wins 13 million votes but Hindenburg wins with 19 million
Why were the Nazis a threat by 1928?
Double their membership from 1927-28 Financed by businessmen Start to influence middle class Mein Kampf is a bestseller Strong propaganda campaign
Why weren’t the Nazi party a threat by 1928?
Social democrats have 153 seats they have 12
Losing ground in the Reichstag
Communist have 4 times the amount of seats they have
How many seats do they have in the July elections in 1932?
230 seats they are the biggest party
What problems does the depression cause for Germany?
60% uni grads can't find job 40% factory workers redundant America withdraw loans Weakens Weimar government - unpopular economic policies (raise tax, reduce unemployment benefit, cut wages) As unemployment rises so do nazi seats
Who is chancellor in July 1932?
Frank Von Papen but he has no support in the Reichstag
What factors help the Nazis?
Appeal to everyone (promises)
Flexible - change to suit people
Sting and motivational figurehead
Other parties quarrel amongst themselves and underestimate them
Very organised
Propaganda carefully sculpted and uses technology such as radios and planes to give them innovative ways of appealing to public
Industrialists fund them
What happens in the November 1932 elections?
Nazis largest party but lose 2 million votes and 34 seats
Kurt Von Schleicer is appointed chancellor by Hindenburg but resigns 1 month later
Why is Hitler offered the Chancellorship?
Von Papen persuades Hindenburg because he thinks he can control Hitler through the Vice-Chancellorship and wants revenge on Von Schleicer
Von Papen, Hindenburg, army leaders and industrialists meet to decide
When is Hitler made chancellor?
30th January 1933
What happens on the 27th February 1933?
Reichstag fire
How do the Nazis use the Reichstag fire to their advantage?
Blamed on Dutch communists (Van der Lubbe found inside
Goerings police arrest and imprison 4000 communist leaders
Gets emergency decree on 28th February - gives Hitler emergency powers to act
What happens in the new election of March 1933?
SA and SS violence increases
Met in Kroll Opera house - heavily nazi decorated
Communists banned to help get Hitler the vote
SS and SA intimidate other parties
Hitler given Enabling Act (24th March)
When did Hitler join the German Workers Party?
1919
When does goebbels control all the media in Germany?
13th March 1933
What did the enabling act do?
Hitler agreed to suspend constitution giving Hitler the power to rule by decree for four years
End of the Weimar Republic
Dictatorship
What actions were taken by Hitler shortly after getting the enabling act?
April - Jews banned from school
May - mayday created
- trade unions banned
July - all opposition parties banned (Germany a one party state)
What opposition did Hitler face within his own ranks, why and what did this lead to?
The SA including its leader Ernst Rohm
The SA wanted to become the new German army but the army officers and industrialists opposed this
Night of the Long Knives
What and when was the Night of the Long Knives?
The SS murdered Rohm and 400 other SA leaders
Purge of Rohm and other leading figures of the SA - accused of plotting to other throw hitler and executed
Remaining SA just absorbed into the SS
29-30th June 1934
When did the army swear an oath of loyalty to Hitler?
2nd August 1934
When did Hindenburg die and what did this mean?
August 1934
Hitler now has no opposition to stand in his way of becoming Fuhrer of Germany
What did the Hitler promise to do which got the Army’s loyalty?
Spend money on rearmament and make Germany a military power
How many seats do the nazis have in May 1924?
32
When does Hitler sign the concordat with the Catholic Church and what does this mean?
1933
Church agrees to stay out of the nazis business if they stay out of the churches
How many are unemployed in 1933?
5 million
