Rise of Dictatorships

Question 1

Year Stalin becomes dominant leader of Soviet Government

Answer 1

1927

Question 2

Japan leadership style

Answer 2

‘autocratic bureaucracy’ - Ian Kershaw

Question 3

japan export prices fell by how much

Answer 3

50% by 1931

Question 4

primary features of JAPAN dictatorship

Answer 4

• expansionist (expand into china - 1931 inv Manchuria)
• military dictatorship (emperor sacred position, milit has strong polit power - Manchuria invasion was w/o govt authority)
• ultra-nationalist (expanding for own good)

Question 5

JPN - prim. reasons dictatorship

Answer 5

DEPC
- Disgruntled: embitterment towards west (dissatisfaction w/ Paris peace treaty - thought they deserved more for their contribution, LoN rejected JAP racial equality clause)
- Economic issues: great depression (export prices, great kanto earthquake
- political instability (move from democracy –> desire for strong leader, Emperor Hirohito ruled, Hideki Tojo ruling in name)
- communist threat (rural workers wanted socialism)

Question 6

ITA - prim reasons dictatorship

Answer 6

DEPCT
- disgruntled pop, resentment (dissat w/ Paris peace treaty - didn’t get promised territory. Muss promised this land - fix humiliation)
- economic difficulties (economic depression NOT great depression, lira val drop)
- political instability (1919, proportional representation - relied on unstable coalitions, slow, inefficient –> fascists remedy)
- communist fears (Italian Communist Party)
= underestimation of right (focus on commies = not find bad fascists)
- terror + violence (blackshirts beat up socialists)

Question 7

ITA - features dictatorship

Answer 7

• One-Party - 1925, fascists only party allowed to exist
• Charismatic leader - Mussolini orator, whips crowds into frenzy
• Control - strikes forbidden, major industry controlled
• Nationalism - expansionist → 1935 invade Abyssinia
• Terror + Repression - blackshirts, secret police, ride in trucks around cities to intimidate

Question 8

RUS - led to dictatorship FOR LENIN + BOLSHEVIKS

Answer 8

• nicky II abdicates (Feb-March 1917)
• democrat provis govt fail to end war = RESENTMENT
• Lenin’s slogan (LAND, PEACE, BREAD) appealed to disenchanted pop

Question 9

RUS - led to dict FOR STALIN

Answer 9

• lenin didn’t choose successor
• stalin seemed less radical than trotsky,engineered marginalisation
• 1924 leader after lenin death

Question 10

RUS - prim features

Answer 10

• totalitarianism (one leader, one party, outlaw others)
• charismatic leader (every household had his picture on display)
• control of ag + industry (large-scale state-owned collective farms, 5 year plan for industrialisation)
• elimination of opposition (use of terror - NKVD, censor + prop)