Rio De Janeiro

Question 1

urbanisation

Answer 1

the increasing proportion of the population that lives in cities

Question 2

cities grow in…

Answer 2

coastal areas
economically developed countries
heavily migrated areas

Question 3

rural to urban migration

Answer 3

the movement of people from the countryside to towns and cities

Question 4

natural increase

Answer 4

when the birth rate is higher than the death rate
mainly found in NEEs and LICs

Question 5

natural decrease

Answer 5

when the death rate is higher than the birth rate

Question 6

push factors of rural areas:

Answer 6

difficulty in rural farming
desertification and soil erosion creates difficulty in farming
droughts and over climate hazards reduce crop yields
few doctors and hospitals in rural areas
rural areas are isolated due to poor roads

Question 7

pull factors of cities:

Answer 7

ranges of entertainment
well paid jobs
higher standards of living
friends and families may already live in cities
better chances of higher quality education
better public transport

Question 8

the percentage of the population that lives in cities

Answer 8

82%

Question 9

megacity

Answer 9

cities with a population of over 10 million

Question 10

causes of growth in urbanisation

Answer 10

natural increase and migration

Question 11

population of rio

Answer 11

13.45 million

Question 12

rio’s international significance

Answer 12

it is a major port. The main exports are coffee, sugar, and iron ore
The main service industries are banking, finance, and insurance
the city has 3 airports

Question 13

rio’s national significance

Answer 13

the unemployment rate in rio has declined in the past few years
it is the cultural capital of brazil with over 50 museums and its famous carnival.

Question 14

rio’s regional significance

Answer 14

The statue Christ The Redeemer is one of the 7 New Wonders of the World
Stunning natural surroundings and amazing beaches

Question 15

social challenge

Answer 15

a challenge that causes an issue on day-to-day life styles

Question 16

formal economy

Answer 16

an organised system of employment with clear written rules of recruitment, agreement and responsibilities.

Question 17

informal economy

Answer 17

an economy not known to the government

Question 18

examples of jobs in informal economies…

Answer 18

street vendors
taxi drivers

Question 19

Favela

Answer 19

an illegal settlement where people build houses on land they do not own
they are common in places of great social deprivation

Question 20

reasons for favelas

Answer 20

people leave the Amazonia and drought-filled hit areas in the north-east of Brazil. They want to find a better life in the city

Question 21

rocinha

Answer 21

largest favela settlement in rio
also described as ‘shanty town’

Question 22

stakeholder

Answer 22

a person or group of people affected by an issue

Question 23

difficulty in managing environmental issues in rio

Answer 23

as the population increases, so does supply and demand resulting in the overworked economy unable to handle both population growth and environmental issues

rios cars have a lifespan of ten years, which increases the amount of waste rio produces. Cars also create carbon emissions which cause global warming

the lack of public transport results in people using cars which creates carbon emissions

irreversible changes such as population growth and the rise in climate make it more difficult to manage the environment

Question 24

biggest push factors for rochina

Answer 24

inadequate income
large household size
dense population

Question 25

biggest pull factors for rochina

Answer 25

job opportunities
medication
education

Question 26

favela bairro project

Answer 26

started in 1980s
aimed to improve favelas and services in them
involved 253,000 residents in 73 communities
$1 billion were spent

Question 27

strategies in the favela bairro project

Answer 27

widened pavements - prevents crime
addition of UPPs - prevents crime
improvement of housing - better quality of life
addition of cable car - improved transportation
better water and electricity supplies - better quality of life
improved lesuire facilities - better quality of life

Question 28

some failures in the favela bairro project

Answer 28

values of housing increased resulting in the eviction of poorer residents
$1 billion is not enough to cover all 1000 favelas in rio

Question 29

social opportunities in rio

Answer 29

good transportation
relatively decent education
free healthcare
job opportunities

Question 30

economic opportunities in rio

Answer 30

high population (13.45 million)
improved state of favelas due to the favela bairro project
lots of tourism

Question 31

social challenges in rio

Answer 31

water shortages in most parts of rio
20% of the population lives in favelas
in 2013, only 55% of the city has local access to healthcare
favelas still exist
drug empires

Question 32

economic challenges of rio

Answer 32

lots of crime
tax
unemployment
increased value of houses due to the failures of the favela bairro project
traffic congestion