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Engineering Science > Rigid Body Kinematics > Flashcards

Rigid Body Kinematics Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the characteristics of a particle?

A

Negligible dimensions, negligible rotation, assumed to be a point

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2
Q

What is particle kinematics?

A

Discipline of mechanics that deals with motion of a particle over time WITHOUT ref. to the forces that cause displacement, v, and a

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3
Q

What is a scalar quantity?

A

Defined only by magnitude.

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4
Q

What is a vector quantity?

A

Has magnitude and direction.

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5
Q

What are the vector quantities for distance, mass and speed?

A

Displacement, weight and velocity

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6
Q

What is particle plane motion?

A

Moving in a plane/2D

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7
Q

What are the types of particle plane motion?

A

Rectilinear and curvilinear

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8
Q

Displacement is…

A

Amount of change in position

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9
Q

If displacement is not 0 the particle is…

A

Moving

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10
Q

Speed of the particle depends on…

A

The time it took to move

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11
Q

What is the rate of change of the position of the particle

A

V= delta x/ delta t ( change in position/change in time)

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12
Q

What do you call the magnitude of velocity?

A

Speed

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13
Q

If the velocity of an object is changing the object is …

A

Accelerating

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14
Q

Constant velocity means…

A

Speed and direction do not change

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15
Q

The rate of change of velocity is called…

A

Acceleration

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16
Q

Aristotle thought that…

A

All motion on Earth is linear. Diff. Masses fall at diff. Rates. Natural stat of massive objects is to seek the center of the Earth. All motion in the heavens is curved.

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17
Q

According to Aristotle what is natural motion? Violent?

A

Motion is at rest or constant speed. Violent is otherwise.

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18
Q

Galileo discovered that…

A

Diff. Masses fall at the same time. Friction prevents this from happening when not in a vacuum.

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19
Q

What are Newton’s laws of motion?

A

Inertia, Acceleration, Action-reaction

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20
Q

Projectile motion is…

A

Not purely curvilinear. Only force acting on the particle is gravity. Thrown things. Can be resolved into horizontal and vertical forces.

21
Q

What angle is max range? Max elevation?

A

45, 90

22
Q

What is uniform circular motion?

A

Constant speed along a circle

23
Q

What is the formula?

A

Average speed = 2pi r/t

24
Q

In circular motion velocity is…

A

Always changing.

25
Q

Tangential velocity is…

A

Velocity along a circular path

26
Q

2 types of speed?

A

Average speed and instantaneous speed.

27
Q

What is acceleration?

A

Rate of change of velocity with respect to time.

28
Q

The velocity change vector is directed towards…

A

The center

29
Q

What is normal acceleration?

A

Acceleration directed inwards

30
Q

What is the formula for normal acceleration?

A

An=v^2 /r where v is the tangential velocity

31
Q

If the magnitude of v changes, there is…

A

Tangential acceleration

32
Q

What is centripetal force?

A

Center seeking force; direction of net force is that of acceleration

33
Q

Centripetal force for uniform circular motion alters…

A

Direction without altering speed

34
Q

The presence of _______ is required for objects to move in a circle.

A

Unbalanced force

35
Q

What are the requirements for centripetal force?

A

Friction, force of tension, force of gravity

36
Q

What is the study of how things move without looking into the causes?

A

Kinematics

37
Q

What is a rigid body?

A

Dimensions and rotation are NOT neglected; deformation is.

38
Q

Do rigid bodies actually exist?

A

No but if deformations are small relative to motion we could treat the object as one.

39
Q

What are the types of plane motion?

A

Translation, centroidal rotation, general plane motion

40
Q

2 points will have diff. Tangential velocities dependent on…

A

Rate of rotation and distance from CM

41
Q

What is Kinetics?

A

Study of relationship between motion of objects AND ITS CAUSES.

42
Q

What is Newton’s 2nd law of motion?

A

F=ma where f is your net force and ma is the inertial force

43
Q

If v is perpendicular to f the direction of v will…

A

Change

44
Q

What is dynamic equilibrium?

A

When an object is accelerating. Motion is not necessarily 0

45
Q

Static equilibrium is when…

A

Acceleration is 0

46
Q

In dynamic equilibrium…

A

Acceleration is not 0, net force is not 0 ( it’s moving)— freeeee fall!

47
Q

What is terminal velocity?

A

Constant velocity at which object is moving due to the restraining force exerted by air.

48
Q

What is weightlessness?

A

A sensation caused by not being in contact with external objects which would usually exert a push or pull

Engineering Science (3 decks)

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