Rights and Liberties (5th Amendment)

Question 1

Criminal Justice

Answer 1

The system of law enforcement, courts, and corrections involved in apprehending, prosecuting, and punishing those who violate criminal laws.

Question 2

Civil Law

Answer 2

The branch of law dealing with non-criminal matters, often involving disputes between individuals or organizations seeking legal remedies.

Question 3

Law Enforcement

Answer 3

Agencies and individuals responsible for maintaining public order and enforcing laws

Question 4

Infractions

Answer 4

Minor offenses, typically punishable by fines rather than imprisonment.

Question 5

Misdemeanors

Answer 5

Less serious criminal offenses, usually resulting in less severe penalties than felonies.

Question 6

Felonies

Answer 6

Serious criminal offenses, often punishable by imprisonment for one year or more.

Question 7

Felony/Misdemeanor

Answer 7

Categorization of crimes based on their severity, with felonies being more serious than misdemeanors.

Question 8

Probable Cause

Answer 8

Reasonable belief that a crime has been committed or that evidence of a crime exists, justifying law enforcement action.

Question 9

Arrest Warrant

Answer 9

A court-issued authorization allowing law enforcement to arrest a specific person.

Question 10

Search Warrant

Answer 10

Court-issued authorization allowing law enforcement to conduct a search for evidence.

Question 11

Prosecutor

Answer 11

A legal professional responsible for bringing criminal charges against a defendant on behalf of the government.

Question 12

District Attorney

Answer 12

A public official who represents the government in the prosecution of criminal offenses.

Question 13

Defense Attorney

Answer 13

A legal professional who represents the accused and defends their rights in criminal proceedings.

Question 14

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

Answer 14

Established the requirement for law enforcement to inform individuals of their rights, including the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney, during custodial interrogations.

Question 15

Goss v. Lopez (1975)

Answer 15

Defined due process rights for students facing suspension from public schools.

Question 16

Public Defender

Answer 16

A government-appointed attorney who represents individuals who cannot afford to hire a private attorney.

Question 17

Defendant

Answer 17

An individual accused of a crime and facing legal proceedings.

Question 18

Capital Crime

Answer 18

A serious crime, often punishable by death or life imprisonment.

Question 19

Grand Jury

Answer 19

A group of citizens convened to review evidence and determine whether there is enough evidence to bring criminal charges.

Question 20

Indictment

Answer 20

A formal charge or accusation of a serious crime, usually issued by a grand jury.

Question 21

Double Jeopardy

Answer 21

The legal principle that protects individuals from being tried for the same offense twice.

Question 22

Right Against Self-Incrimination

Answer 22

The right to remain silent and not testify against oneself, protected under the Fifth Amendment.

Question 23

Due Process

Answer 23

The legal requirement that the government must respect an individual’s rights and follow fair procedures before depriving them of life, liberty, or property.

Question 24

Eminent Domain

Answer 24

The government’s power to take private property for public use, with compensation to the owner.