Rights And Freedoms- introduction and UN Flashcards
When was the UN formed, where are why?
To prevent future wars, 1945, San Francisco
When was the universal declaration of human rights created?
1948
What is article 1 of the declaration of human rights? 1948
‘All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.’
What are independence movements?
Former colonies fought for independence from imperial masters.
What are racial equality movements?
Fighting for equal treatment for all. Eg Aborigines 1960s
What are gender equality movements?
Women have campaigned for equal rights
When did Independence movements start to become more common? Why this time?
Post war countries under the control of empires saw a chance of self-rule. Weakened by the war empires such as Britain, France, Netherlands and Spain were forced to withdraw from the colonies.
Where did decolonisation start? Who followed?
In India and Pakistan as they gained independence from Britain in 1947. It then went to Asia. Indonesia broke from the Netherlands in 1949. France left Vietnam in 1954. By 1980s colonies in Africa, Asia and the Caribbean had ended.
When did racial equality movements begin? Why?
Post war when ideas about race in western societies were questioned
When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights made?
1948
When did the US Supreme Court rule segregation in schools as illegal?
1954
When was Emmett Till murdered?
1955
When did Rosa Parks refuse to give up her bus seat?
1955
When did nine black students try to enrol in an all white school? What happened?
- The military came to enforce their right
When were freedom riders common?
1960s
When did the March on Washington occur?
1963
When was the first Australian census? What happened?
- Aborigines weren’t counted
When did the Assimilation Policy start? What happened?
- Aboriginal people of mixed rave were integrated into society
What did segregational activists do in Australia and until when?
Excluded indigenous people even those of mixed race from having certain jobs until 1960s.
When did the Stolen Generations occur? What happened?
Late 19th century to early 1970s, removed from families and given to white families or institutions.
When did the Day of Mourning occur? What was it?
In 1938, 150 years since British settlement. It was a boycott.
When was the wave hill walk off? What was it?
- Pastoral workers demanded equal pay and return of lands. First land rights claim.
When was the Aboriginal flag created?
1971
When was the Aboriginal tent embassy created?
1972
When did Eddie Mabo win the native title Act?
1992
When was the Native Title Act created?
1993
When did the Wik decision take place? What was it?
- Allows for native land under pastoral lease
When was the Native Title Act Amendment Bill that overturned the native title?
1997
When was the referendum?
1967
When was Keating’s speech?
1992
When did Kevin Rudd apologise?
2008
When were all Australian women except indigenous women vote and run for parliament?
1920
What did women have to do after WW11?
Return from working or face discrimination and lower pay?
By when were women demanding equal pay?
1950s
When did the Conciliation and Arbitration Commission allow women and men equal pay?
1969
Who were women inspired by in the 1970s?
Germaine Geer, a feminist, writer and thinker
When was the maternity act passed?
1973
When was the federal sex discrimination act passed?
1984
When was the first sex discrimination act passed?
1975 in SA
