RIGHT SIDED VALVULAR DISEASE Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cause of most cases of tricuspid regurgitation?

A

Dilatation of tricuspid annulus in RVF

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2
Q

What are the causes of tricuspid regurgitation?

A

RVF
Infective endocariditis
Congenital malformations
Carcinoid syndrome

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3
Q

What is Ebstein’s anomaly?

A

Congenital malformation which results in tricuspid insufficiency. The septal and posterior leaflets of the valve are displaced towards the apex. Associated with other structural cardiac abnormalities and tachyarrythmias (supraventricular and ventricular).

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4
Q

What are the clinical features of tricuspid regurgitation?

A
Fatigue
Discomfort from ascites and hepatic congestion
V wave in jugular venous waveform
Ascites
Signs of RVF
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5
Q

How are people with tricuspid regurgitation managed?

A

Diuretics
ACE inhibitors

Valve replacement in very severe cases

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6
Q

What are the causes of tricuspid stenosis?

A

Rheumatic fever

Pulmonary hypertension

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7
Q

What are the clinical features of tricuspid stenosis?

A
Raised JVP
Large A waves
Ascites
Hepatomegaly
Peripheral oedema
Soft diastolic murmur at left lower sternal edge
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8
Q

How are patients with tricuspid stenosis managed?

A

Valve replacement

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9
Q

What are the causes of pulmonary stenosis?

A

Congenital malformations - Noonan’s syndrome, maternal rubella syndrome, carcinoid syndrome

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10
Q

What are the clinical features of pulmonary stenosis?

A

Often asymptomatic
Ejection systolic murmur in pulmonary area
Wide split of heart sounds

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11
Q

How are patients with pulmonary stenosis managed?

A

Pulmonary valvuloplasty

Pulmonary valve replacement

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12
Q

What are the causes of pulmonary regurgitation?

A

Dilatation of valve ring secondary to pulmonary hypertension

Infective endocarditis

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13
Q

What are the clinical features of pulmonary regurgitation?

A

RVF

Low pitched diastolic murmur

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14
Q

How are patients with pulmonary regurgitation managed?

A

Treat underlying disease

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