Right and Left Threats 1919-23 🤺 Flashcards
When was the first Spartacist uprising?
January 1919 in Berlin
Who led the Spartacists?
Rosa Luxembourg and Karl Liebknecht
How did Rosa Luxembourg die?
Shot and thrown into a ditch by the Freikorps
How many died at the first uprising?
100 (including Karl and Rosa)
Reasons for left wing failure?
Leaders died in first uprising, poorly planned, lost support
Other left wing uprisings?
Bavarian (1919), Ruhr (1920) and Saxony (1921)
How was Weimar able to survive left wing threats?
Help from Freikorps and Police due to Ebert-Groener Pact
When was the Munich Putsch?
1923
Why was the Munich Putsch a serious threat?
Strong ideology, co-ordinated, mass support, managed to overthrow government
What was Ludendorff’s mistake?
He allowed Kahr and Lossow to call their family when they actually called the police
Results of the Munich Putsch?
Hitler arrested, Nazi ideology spread nationally, wrote Mein Kampf” a doctrinal text
When was the Kapp Putsch?
March 1920
What did the Kapp Putsch achieve?
Seized Berlin successfully for 3 days, planned to restore autocracy
Why did the Kapp Putsch fail?
Poorly supported, not enough followers that they quickly got removed
What did the Kapp Putsch highlight?
The fragility of the Freikorps and the army, they quickly turned on the Republic
Who inspired the Munich Putsch?
Mussolini’s march on Rome
What was Hitler’s image like in 1923 and how did he change it?
He wore lederhosen, switched to ‘legal Hitler’
Who set up the German Worker’s Party?
Anton Drexler
What were the SA?
The Nazi Party’s paramilitary group
When were the SA set up?
1921
Right wing views?
Antisemitism, blaming Weimar politician for ToV
How long did Hitler actually serve in jail?
9 months
