Rickettsial Diseases Flashcards
Rickettsia
Gram-negative Non-motile Rod-to-coccoid-shaped bacterium
Similar to Chlamydia
Size of a large virus
Obligate intracellular bacterial parasites (steal ATP)
Rickettsia that Require an arthropod vector except for
Q fever
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Rickettsia rickettsii
Western Hemisphere United States (especially mid-Atlantic coast)
Tick
Epidemic (Louse-Borne) Typhus
Rickettsia prowazekii
Central and Northeastern Africa, Central and South America
Louse
Endemic (murine) typhus
Rickettsia typhi
small focus (United States: southeastern Gulf
Flea
Rickettsial pox (causes an eschar)
Rickettsia akari
United States
Mite
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Macules that frequently progress to petechiae.
The rash usually appears first on the hands and feet and then moves inward to the trunk
Epidemic Louse-Borne Typhus
Epidemic Louse-borne typhus is caused by Rickettsia prowazekii, a parasite of the body louse
Crowded, unsanitary, famine, war
Brill-Zinsser Disease
R prowazekii can survive in lymphoid tissues after primary infection, and years later, produce recrudescence of disease
Endemic (Murine) Typhus
Rickettsia typhi
Transmitted from Rat to Rat via the rat flea
Urban
Gradual onset, less severe symptoms, and a shorter duration of illness than epidemic typhus
Rickettsialpox
Rickettsia akari
Transmitted to humans via mites that ride on mice
Mild, self-limited, febrile illness that starts with an initial localized red skin bump
Bump turns into a blister,and days later fever and HA develop, and other vesicles appear over the body
Q FEVER: Coxiella burnetii
Gram-negative intracellular organism Coxiella burnetti ( Infects cattle ( usually spread in milking), sheep, and goats
Highly resistant spore stage that is transmitted to humans when animal tissue is aerosolized or ingestion of contaminated milk
Lyme Disease
a spirochete
the other main tick transmitted disease
Corkscrew-shaped, but larger than Treponema
Borrelia burgdorferi
