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MHD Block III > Rickettsia-Erlichia > Flashcards

Rickettsia-Erlichia Flashcards

1
Q

List the causative agent for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.

A

-Rickettsia rickettsii

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2
Q

List the causative agent for Rickettsialpox.

A

Rickettsia akari

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3
Q

List the causative agent for Epidemic typhus.

A

-Rickettsia prowazekii

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4
Q

List the causative agents for Ehrlichiosis.

A
  • E. chaffeensis (HME)
  • A. phagocytophilum, E. ewingii (HA)
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5
Q

List the causative agent for Q fever.

A

Coxiella burnetii

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6
Q

List the causative agent for Murine Typhus (Endemic Typhus)

A

R. typhi

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7
Q

Where do Ehrlichia and Anaplasma bacteria replicate inside the host?

A

-Phagosome

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8
Q

Where do Coxiella replicate inside the host?

A

Phagolysosome-like vesicle

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9
Q

Where do Rickettsia and Orientia replicate inside the host?

A

Cytoplasm

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10
Q

What is the causative agent of Scrub typhus?

A

Orientia tsutsugamushi

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11
Q

How do Ehrlichia and Anaplasma survive once inside the host?

A

Prevents lysosomal fusion

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12
Q

How does Coxiella survive once inside the host?

A
  • Requires low pH for growth
  • Delayed lysosomal fusion
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13
Q

Which of these 3 species of Rickettsia does not migrate intracellularly using actin polymerization during pathogenesis:

  • R. rickettsia
  • R. prowazekii
  • R. typhi
A

-R. prowazekii

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14
Q

How do these Rickettsia species exit the host:

  • R. rickettsii
  • R. typhi
  • R. prowazekii
A

Budding = rickettsii, typhi

Lysis = prowazekii

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15
Q

What are the vectors and reservoirs of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

A

Vectors: Tick

Reservoir: Rodents, Dogs

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16
Q

What are the vectors and reservoirs of Ehrlichiosis?

A

Vector: tick

Reservoir: Rodents = HA

Deer = HME

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17
Q

What are the vectors and reservoirs of Rickettsialpox?

A

Vector: Mites

Reservoir: Rodents

18
Q

What are the vectors and reservoirs of Scrub typhus?

A

V = Mites = R

19
Q

What are the vectors and reservoirs of Epidemic typhus?

A

V = Lice

R = Flying squirrels

20
Q

What are the vectors and reservoirs of Murine typhus (endemic)?

A
  • V= Fleas
  • R= Rodents
21
Q

Describe transmission of Q fever (Coxiella).

A

Inhalation of dust from large mammals

Cattle, sheep, goats

Slaugher house workers susceptible

22
Q

What is the distribution of RMSF?

A

World wide

SE and South Central US

23
Q

What is the distribution of Rickettsia akari (Rickettsialpox)?

A

Northern US, Russia, Africa, Korea

24
Q

What is the distribution of Rickettsia prowazekii (Epidemic typhus)?

A

Central America

South America

Africa

25
Q

What is the distribution of Murine typhus (endemic)?

A

Temperate/subtropical coastal areas

26
Q

What is the distribution of Scrub Typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi)?

A
  • Far East
  • SW Pacific
  • SE Asia
  • Japan
27
Q

What is the distribution of Ehrlichiosis?

A

HME: Midwest, coastal Atlantic

HA: Upper midwest, NE Atlantic

28
Q

What is the distribution of Q fever (Coxiella burnetii)?

A

World-wide

29
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of RMSF?

A

-Rash on extremities

  • high fever
  • headache
30
Q

What are clinical manifestations of Rickettsialpox (R. akari)?

A

-Vesicular rash

  • Phase 1: firm red papule > vesicle > black eschar
  • Phase 2: high fever, chills, photophobia, vesicular rash
  • Self limiting after 1 week
31
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of Epidemic typhus (R. prowazekii)?

A

Rash on trunk

fever

headache

32
Q

List clinical manifestations of Murine typhus (Endemic/R. typhi).

A

Maculopapular rash on trunk

Abrupt fever, chills, myalgia, nausea

33
Q

What are clinical manifestations of Scrub Typhus (O. tsutsugamushi)?

A

Necrotic eschar

fever

headache

lymphadenopathy

maculopapular rash after 5 days

34
Q

List clinical manifestations of Ehrlichiosis.

A

No rash

Fever

headache

Leukopenia

Thrombocytopenia

Elevated liver enzymes

35
Q

What clinical features are associated with Q fever (Coxiella burnetii)?

A

Mostly NON-apparent

No rash

Acute: mild, dry, hacking cough/pneumonia

Chronic: subacute endocarditis

36
Q

Describe treatment, prevention/control of RMSF.

A

Tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones

No vaccine

Avoid/reduce tick contact (requires 24hrs contact)

Control = impossible

37
Q

Describe treatment/prevention/control of Epidemic Typhus.

A

Tetracyclines and chloramphenicol

Louse control

Vaccine available for high risk patients

38
Q

Describe treatment options for Endemic Typhus (Murine typhus).

A

Tetracycline, Doxycycline, Chloramphenicol

39
Q

What treatment options are available for Scrub Typhus?

A

Tetracycline, doxycycline, and chloramphenicol (same as Endemic Typhus)

40
Q

What are treatment/prevention options for Ehrlichiosis?

A

Doxycycline

Rifampin = pregnant women

No vaccine

41
Q

What are treatment/prevention options for Q fever?

A

Tetracycline, doxycycline (or combo)

Vaccine available for unexposed

MHD Block III (12 decks)

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