Rickets Flashcards
1
Q
Definition of rickets
A
impaired bone mineralistion before growth plates have fused.
low vit D>low calcium and phosphate>secondary hyperparathyroidism
2
Q
RFs for rickets (5)
A
dark skin poor sun exposure prematurity-stores build in womb drugs-phenytoin metabolic disorders-hypophosphataemic rickets
3
Q
Presentation of rickets (5)
A
severe: signs of hypocalcaeia e.g. seizures, spasticity
bone deformities: bowed legs, prominent costochondral joints, skull deformity, easy fractures
hestitance to bear weight: waddling gait
poor growth
resp infections due to rachitic lungs (decreased expansion)
4
Q
Dx of rickets (3)
A
1,25-dihydroxyvit D assay calcium, phosphate, ALP and PTH levels wrist XR needed for D: -osteopenia/joint widening -metaphyseal cupping+fraying
5
Q
Mx of rickets (4)
A
education: dietary advice+dietician referral
sun exposure
ergocalciferol/cholecalciferol PO
check vit D and PTH 3-4-monthly
6
Q
who should vit D supplements be given to (3)
A
pregnant+breastfeeding women
children 6mo-5yrs
elderly w. little sun exposure
