Richard Leakey

Question 1

Four key stages

Answer 1

1. Origin of the human family itself: 7 million years ago
2. Proliferation of bipedal
   species: Adaptive radiation
3. Expansion of the brain
4. Origin of modern humans

Question 2

The First humans: 1871 The Descent of man: 2 Pillars in the theoretical structure of anthropology

Answer 2

1. Where humans evolved: Darwin Said it was Africa reasoning man closes relative lives in africa
2. The manner or form of that evolution

Darwin wrote that bipedalism technology and an enlarged brain evolved in concert

Question 3

The First humans: Pillbeam and simons

Answer 3

ramapithecus jaw→ Therefore concluded that humans emerged in Asia 15 mil years ago → This turned out to be wrong

Question 4

The First humans: Allan Wilson And Vincent Sarich

Answer 4

compared blood proteins from living humans and African apes. Their aim was to determine the structural difference between human and ape proteins. According to them first humans evolved only 5 million years ago a finding that was dramatically at variance with the 15 to 30 mil of prevailing anthropological theory.

Question 5

The First humans: Humans species when bipdal and tools

Answer 5

5 million years passed between the time the human species emerged and the time our ancestors became bipedal and the time they started making tools.

Question 6

The First humans: Owen Lovejoy

Answer 6

He argued, that bipedalism is an inefficient mode of locomotion so it must have volved for carrying thing. Carrying more gave males reproductive value being able to carry more food to female and increase reproductive power.

Question 7

The First humans: Peter Rodman And Henry McHenry

Answer 7

Bipedalism was advantageous in the changing environmental conditions because it offered a more efficient means of locomotion. As the forest dwindled, food resources in woodland habitats, such as fruit trees would have become to dispersed to be efficiently exploitable by conventional apes.

Question 8

The origin of mind: 3 major revolutions mark the history of life on earth.

Answer 8

1. The origin of life itself
2. The origin of multicellular organisms
3. The origin of human consciousness

Question 9

The origin of mind: Behaviorism

Answer 9

the worldview held that nonhuman animals merely respond reflexively to event in their worlds and are incapable of analytical thought processes. There is no such thing as an animal mind said the behaviorists.

Question 10

The origin of mind: Donald Griffin

Answer 10

waging a campaign for 2 decades to overthrow this negative view of the animal world

Question 11

The origin of mind: Harry Jerison pattern

Answer 11

the origin of major new faunal groups is usually accompanied by encephalization.

Question 12

Gordon Gallup

Answer 12

: Devised a test of the sense of self the mirror test. Reflection in mirror but dot on face

Question 13

How self-aware ancestors 7 million years ago

Answer 13

Assume as self-aware as modern chimps but the question might be unanswerable

Question 14

Ritual disposal of dead

Answer 14

speaks clearly of an awareness of death and thus an awareness of self. First evidence was the Neanderthals burial not much more than 100.000 years ago. No evidence of burial was found before this so there is no evidence of self-consciousness before this.