richard, john and normandy

Question 1

normandy imp for john/richard

Answer 1

closest angevin land in france to england
- provided gateway to other regions
- if philip had it, it would increase risk of him invading england
many barons held land in normandy - would redice barons’ confidene in king’s ability to rule england

Question 2

normandy imp for philip

Answer 2

close to paris, whoever held normandy could threaten french king’s lands
would give him several options for winning more land

Question 3

normandy imp for all

Answer 3

very wealthy
had fertile land producing important crops and animal fodder
norman towns were wealthy and traded a lot with england - P wanted to gain this , J/R didn’t want to lose it

Question 4

situation in 1194

Answer 4

some imp barons now supported philip
P + J had taken control of most western normandy
now controlled strategically important castles and 2 harbours
army not far from Normandy’s capital, Rouen

Question 5

why did r achieve his aims

Answer 5

Jan 99- P agreed to return everything captured back to R
military skill- won many battles
Bribery- bribed nobles to switch sides, taking control of territory and knights
forging alliances- made imp alliances with leaders so philip was surrounded by enemies

Question 6

importance of chateau gaillard

Answer 6

defended normandy’s capital
good base to attack from
magnificent place where angevin kings could demonstrate their wealth/ power
huge cost put financial strains on england- but they decided it was worth it

Question 7

why john lost normandy

Answer 7

diplomatic mistakes- paid homage to philip in 1200 so P could take his lands forfeit in 1202
lost key allies- due to treatment of arthur and other noble prisoners
finance- barons reluctant to fight/ finance another war
- could not afford more professional soldiers
philip’s skill- won people to his side
john’s military mistakes- looked as though he abandoned his soldiers
- failed to send more troops and resources to relieve chateau gaillard

Question 8

fall of chateau gaillard

Answer 8

john initially sent forces to attack france, but were unsuccessful when they reached CG in sept 1203
dec- john returned to england to convince barons to fight
castle fell to philip’s siege after 6 months