RHS02 - Pulmonary Pathology 1

Question 1

List the segments of the respiratory tree.

Answer 1

• Larynx
• Trachea
• Main Stem Bronchus
• Lobar Bronchi
• Segmental Bronchi
• Terminal Bronchioles
• Respiratory Bronchioles
• Alveolar Duct
• Alveolar Sac
• Alveolus

Question 2

List the primary differences between bronchi and bronchioles. List their similarities.

Answer 2

• Bronchi have cartilaginous rings, goblet cells, basal cells, neuroendocrine cells, and seromucinous glands
• Bronchioles have clara cells
• Both have a ciliated columnar epithelium, a basement membrane, smooth muscle, vasculature, and lymphatics

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

What are the primary functions of Type I and Type II pneumocytes?

Answer 4

• Type I - cover 95% of alveolar surface and allow for gas exchange
• Type II - produce surfactant and repair alveolar epithelium

Question 5

List the structures gas must pass through to get from the alveolar space to the blood.

Answer 5

1. Type I pneumocytes
2. Basement Membrane
3. Interstitium
4. Basement Membrane
5. Capillary endothelial cell