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France > Rhone > Flashcards

Rhone Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the primary grapes for north and south Rhone?

A

Syrah based in the north and Grenache based in the South.

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2
Q

What famous winery was property of the papacy until 1791?

A

Chateaunef-du-Pape

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3
Q

What are the primary white grape varietals of the Rhone?

A

Grenache Blanc
Viognier

Blending Grapes:

Bourboulenc
Rousanne
Marianne

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of Rhone?

A
  • Soils rich in minerals: granite schist iron
  • Very steep terraced hills
  • White wines are produced from Viognier, *Marsanne, Rousanne
  • Low Yields
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5
Q

What is the Rhone wine classification?

A

Cru - single villages
Cotes du Rhone Villages + Village Name
Cotes du Rhone Generic

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6
Q

What are the AOCs of the Northern Rhone?

A 
Côte-Rotie
Condrieu (white only)
Chateau Grillet
Crozes-Hermitage
Hermitage
Cornas
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7
Q

What are characteristics of Côte-Rotie AOC?

A
  • Red wine appellation, possible to add up to 20% Viognier co-fermented w/Syrah and steep vineyards
  • Granite and schist (retain heat throughout the day)
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8
Q

What are the characteristics of Condrieu and Chateau Grillet AOC?

A
  • White wine only appellations made only from Viognier.

* Chateau Grillet is a single vineyard monopole appellation inside Condrieu appellation

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9
Q

Characteristics of Chateau Grillet AOC?

A

Only Viognier is permitted
Natural amphitheater composed of granitic sands with black mica
Richness of decomposed mica is secret of Chateau Grillet

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of Hermitage AOC?

A
  • Produces mostly red wines and is located on the east of the Rhone River
  • Red wines are Syrah based - 85%
  • White wines are made with Marsanne and/or Rousanne
  • Climate: shielded from North winds; lots of sun
  • Produces the most structured, aging, complex expensive wine of Northern Rhone
  • Soils: granite
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11
Q

What are characteristics of Crozes-Hermitage AOC?

A

Produces primarily red wines with Syrah the only red grape permitted under appellation rules
Up to 15% white grapes, Marsanne and Rousanne
Yields are higher compared to ones from the north

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12
Q

What are characteristics of Cornas AOC?

A

Lies in a concave bowl terrains
100% red wine AOC based on Syrah
Smallest of northern appellations making red wine

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13
Q

What are characteristics of Southern Rhone?

A
  • Mediterranean climate
  • Less temperature variability than the north
  • consistent weather from year to year
  • Landscape is broader and flatter than northern Rhone
  • 5 main soil types: galet (polished granite), red sandstones, Clay, silt and sand, limestone
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14
Q

What are characteristics of Côte du Rhone AOC?

A
  • Côte du Rhone AOC produces red, white, and rose wine
  • Responsible for 60% of total Rhone production
  • Largest single AOC after Bordeaux
  • Principal variety: Grenache (min 40%) - Syrah and Mourvèdre blended
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15
Q

What are general rules about Côte du Rhone AOC labeling?

A

Can be blends of different villages with AOC zone - names of villages do not appear on the label

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16
Q

In what area of France does Rhone begin?

A

The bottom of France, south of Burgundy

17
Q

What are characteristics of Northern Rhone?

A
  • Cooler
  • Greater temperature variation
  • inconsistent weather
  • high vintage variability
18
Q

What are characteristics of Cotes du Rhone Villages?

A
  • Grapes must be grown in one of 17 villages of Cotes du Rhone
  • name of village appears on label
  • same grape varieties and blending formulas as Cotes du Rhone
  • each village has distinctive personality
19
Q

What are the top Cru villages of Southern Rhone?

A
  • Rasteau
  • Vacquerays
  • Gigondas
  • Chateaunuef-du-Pape
  • Tavel AOC
  • Lirac AOC
20
Q

What are characteristics of Rasteau?

A
  • dry reds
  • minimum 50% granache noir, 20% syrah and/or mouvedre
  • all vineyards facing south
  • style of wine: ripe red and dark fruit, generous and warm
21
Q

What are characteristics of Vacquerays?

A

given the urgonian limestone and the aridity of the soil, the vines are prone to lower yields = more concentrated wines

22
Q

What are characteristics of Gigondas?

A
  • red and rose only
  • more rustic and powerful rather than elegant
  • minimum 50% Grenache noir, 15% Syrah and mouvedre
  • soil is mostly limestone and clay
23
Q

What are characteristics of Chateaunuef-du-Pape?

A

*is for red and white wine (93% red and 7% white)
*largest grand cru is So. Rhone
*driest region of Cote du Rhone
*13 grapes may be grown, no % mandated
*grape varieties may be fermented separately or co-fermented depending on the estate and vintage conditions
*no maximum or minimum percentages for varietals in the blend
typically grnache is the lead variety for reds folled by Syrah and mouvedre

24
Q

What are characteristics of Tavel AOC?

A
  • Rose only with a wide array of required grape varieties, both black and white
  • 9 grapes: grenache noir (max 15%), cinsault, clairette (max 10%), picpoul, bourboublanc, mouvedre, syrah, carignan, calitor
  • crafted using saignee method

France (8 decks)

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