Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FFP ENT > Rhinology > Flashcards

Rhinology Flashcards

1
Q

Red flag nasal signs

A

Unilateral, bleeding, numb face, neck lump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Red flags of eye symptoms

A

Unilateral, proptosis, double vision, eye displacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What to check if patient has sense of horrible smell, blocked nose and discharge

A

Teeth as roots of teeth may be causing infection in sinus (odontogenic sinusitis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is forehead swelling due to

A

‘Potts puffy tumour’ which is osteomyelitis of frontal sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a red flag for a polyp

A

Unilateral or from septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Displacement od eye due to

A

Mucocele: mucus cyst in sinus with mass effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What other investigations to do If someone presents with a fractured nose

A

A&E management
Check for head injury: Loss of consciousness, N+V, amnesia, panda eyes (bruising under both eyes signifies damage to head)

Signs of facial fractures: diplopia, facial numbness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What nasal symptoms would you check in suspected nasal fracture

A

OBStruction
Nose bleeds- should have stopped after a bit
CSF leak- clear fluid dripping out when they lean forward
Cosmetic changes
Septal haematoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

IS any imaging required for a nose

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Acute management of fractures nose

A

Epixtaxis intervention
Treat septal haematoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When to refer to ENT for follow up for broken nose

A

5-7 days post injury maximum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Difference between septal haematoma and inferior meatus

A

Septal heameatoma arises from the septum whereas the other from the other side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Management of septal haematoma

A

Drainage by ENT and IV abx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Complication of a septal haematoma that isn’t delt with

A

Saddle horse deformity (looks like a wave)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What predisposes to epistaxis

A

Trauma/foreign body
URTI
Anticoagulants
Systemic disorders e.g. hereditary haemorrhage telangiectasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Management of epistaxis

A

Pressure on soft fleshy part of nose
Ice
Lean forwards
Resus
FBC
CLotting
Group and save

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is usually the area called which causes an anterior nose bleed

A

Kiesselbach’s area- ‘Littles area’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where do posterior bleeds originate from

A

Sphenopalatine artery

19
Q

How to examine nose with an anterior bleeding point

A

Local anaesthetic and adrenaline on cotton ball
Cauterise with silver nitrate stick or bipolar diathermy in theatre

Give an anterior pack if not settled: MErocel (rough tampon) or rapid rhino (gentler)

20
Q

Management of posterior bleeding point

A

POsterior balloon pack
However SP artery ligation is better for most
Correct clotting and consider tranexamic acid

21
Q

Epistaxis management ladder

A

1) holding nose
2) cuarterise
3) SPA ligation
4)balloon pack
5) embolisation (rare)

22
Q

Presentation of vestibulitis and treatment

A

Crusting at the front of the nose
Mupirocin ointment or naseptin cream (contains mpeanuts)

23
Q

Types of rhinitis

A

Infective: systemically unwell, viral URTI
Allergic rhinitis
Occupational
Gustatory (on eating)
MEdicamentosa (decongestant abuse)
Hormonal (pregnancy)
Non allergic rhinitis (also sometimes called vasomotor): in older people when the weather changes e..g from going inside to outside.

24
Q

What is the nasal cycle

A

One nostril blocks then this switches. This is a normal phenomenon

25
Q

What is rhino sinusitis

A

Inflammation of nose and paranasal sinuses characterised by two more symptoms

either nasal blockage/obstruction/congestion
or nasal discharge (anterior/posterior nasal drip)
± facial pain/pressure
± loss of smell/taste (cough in child)

and either
endoscopic signs of polyps and/or mucopurulent discharge primarily from middle meatus and/or oedema/mucosal obstruction primarily in middle meatus

and/or
CT changes: mucosal changes within OMC and/or sinuses

26
Q

What can cause maxillary sinusitis

A

Dental disease

27
Q

What is acute rhinosinusutis

A

URTI symptoms that persist for >10 days or worsen after 5 days

(common cold is <10 days chronic rhino sinusitis >3 months)

28
Q

Symptoms of acute rhino sinusitis

A

Purulent nasal discharge
Nasal blockage
Facial Pain
General Malaise
Will see mucopus in nose
NB: acute swelling over maxilla is usually dental and not sinogenic

29
Q

Treatment for acute rhino sinusitis

A

Mostly self limiting
Decongestants
Steroid nose spray?
Abx if high fever/ severe pain

30
Q

What to prescribe for itchiness, sneezing, running

A

ORal antihistamines

31
Q

What to prescribe for blockage, itch, sneezing, runny nose

A

Steroids

32
Q

How long can you use steroid drops for

A

2 months

33
Q

What steroid medium is best for polyps

A

ORal

34
Q

What is nasal douching good for

A

All conditions

35
Q

What is ipratropium spray used for

A

Discharge (vasomotor rhinitis)

36
Q

What is used to treat chronic rhino sinusitis without polyps

A

Clarithromycin 3 months

37
Q

IS chronic pain likely to be sinus related

A

No

38
Q

What is mid segment facial pain and treatment

A

Type of tension headache around eyes
-Amitriptyline

39
Q

What is hemicrania and treatment

A

One sided face pain up to one side of head
-Indomethacin

40
Q

Causes of septal perforation

A

Trauma (haematoma)
Complication of septoplasty
Granulomatous polyangiitis

41
Q

Symptoms of vasculitis

A

Systemically unwell with nasal crusting, bleeding, polyps

42
Q

Management of septal perforation

A

Douching
VAseline
Septal button insertion sometimes
Surgery only suitable for small perforations

43
Q

Risk factors for obstructive sleep apnoea

A

Overweight
Alcohol
Sedative medication
Large tonsils
NAsal obstruction
small mandible

FFP ENT (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions