Rhinitis Flashcards
What is rhinitis?
common disease involving inflammatino of nasal mucosa
What is rhinitis characterized by?
rhinorrhoea (runny nose)
sneezing
itching
nasal congestion and obstruction
What is the nasal congestion and obstruction usually caused by?
dilated blood vessels particularly in cavenous sinusoids
What are the types of allergic rhinitis?
Seasonal or perenniel
What is allergic rhinitis similar to?
allergic asthma
What happens in allergic rhinits?
IgE increased, binds to receptors on amst cells and basophils, degranulation occurs, mediators released e.g. histamine, cystLTs
What causes the nasal congestion/obstruction?
lymphocyte and eosinophils
What is non allergic rhinitis and what are some types?
doesn’t involve IgE.
Types include: -vasomotor, infection, hormonal, drug induced, NARES
What type of rhinitis is occupational rhinitis?
mixed
What happens to mucosal blood flow and blood vessel permeability in rhinitis?
increase
What are glucocorticoids used for and how?
to treat the inflammation, given topically as spray
What types of rhinitis are glucorticoids used in?
SAR, PAR and NARES and vasomotor
What are examples of glucorticoids given and which is given orally?
beclometasone, fluticasone, prednisalone (orally)
What muscarinic receptor is used in rhinitis?
ipratropium
Which anti-histamines are used for rhinitis and which is given as a spray (rest orally)?
cetiazine, azelostine (by spray)
