COPD Flashcards
Describe the features of COPD caused by the chronic bronchitis part.
- inflammation
- cough
- clear mucous sputum
- purulent sputum with infections
- increasing breathlessness
Describe the features of COPD caused by the emphysema part.
- distension and damage to alveoli
- destruction of acinal pouching in alveolal sacs
Which Muscarinic receptor, 1,2 or 3, is at the ganglia?
1
Which Muscarinic receptor, 1,2 or 3, is at the smooth muscle cell?
3
Which Muscarinic receptor, 1,2 or 3, is post ganglionic?
2
What does M1 do?
facilitates transmission mediated by ACh acting on nicotinic receptors
What does M2 do?
inhibits release of ACh
What does M3 do?
mediate contraction to ACh
Which Muscarinic receptor, 1,2 or 3, do you not want to block in COPD?
2
What activity, sympathetic or parasympathetic, is it desirable to block in COPD?
parasympathetic
Which Muscarinic receptor, 1,2 or 3, cause bronchoconstriction?
3
What are the two types of muscarinic receptor antagonist?
SAMAs and LAMAs
Give examples of SAMAs and LAMAs.
SAMAs -ipratropium and oxitropium
LAMAs - tiotropium and aclidinium
Which muscarinic receptor antagonist is non selective?
ipratropium
What do ipratropium and tiptropium contain to reduce absorption and systemic expose to avoid adverse effects?
a quaternary ammonium group
