Rheumatology/MSK Flashcards
What is Primary Biliary Cirrhosis?
Seen in females, pruritus, xanthomas, anti-mitochondrial antibody
What is Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis?
p-ANCA antibody, bile duct inflammation, onion skinning, IBD
What is Type I Autoimmune Hepatitis?
Seen in young women, anti-smooth muscle Ab
What is Type II Autoimmune Hepatitis?
Seen in kids, Anti-LKM Ab
What is Bullous Pemphigold?
Anti-Hemidesmosome Ab, subepithelial skin bullae
What is Celiac Sprue?
Anti-Gliaden Ab can’t eat wheat / bread products = Steatorrhea, Associated with Dermatitis Herpetiformis
What antibody is associated with CREST Syndrome?
Anti-Centromere Ab
What is Dermatitis Herpetiformis?
Vesicles on anterior thigh, Anti-BMZ Ab, Anti-Endomysial Ab
What is Dermatomyositis?
Anti-Jo-1 Ab Myositis with a rash, Associated with occult malignancy
What is DM Type 1?
Polyuria, Polydipsia, weight loss, Anti-Islet cell Ab, Anti-GAD Ab, post infection, DKA
What is Drug Induced Lupus?
Anti-Histone Ab “HIPPPE” drugs cause this. H – Hydralazine, I – INH, P – Phenytoin, P – Procainamide, P – Penicillamine, E - Ethosuximide
What is Gastritis Type A?
Anti-Parietal cell, an Atrophic Gastritis Adenocarcinoma
What is Goodpasture’s?
Anti- GBM Ab, attacks the lung and kidney, can progress to RPGN and death
What is Grave’s Disease?
Anti-TSHr Ab, Hyperthyroid, Exophthalmos, Pretibial Myxedema
What is Hashimoto’s?
Anti-Microsomal Ab / anti-TPO Hypothyroid
What is ITP (Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura)?
Anti-Platelet Ab Anti - GP2b3a Ab Thrombocytopenia
What is MCTD (Mixed Connective Tissue Disease)?
Anti-RNP Ab
What is Mononucleosis?
Heterophile Ab positive, teenager with sore throat, Lymphadenopathy, Splenomegaly, kissing disease
What is MPGN Type II?
Anti-C3 convertase Ab = C3 nephritic factor
What is Paroxysmal Hemolysis?
Donath Landsteiner Ab, (they bleed when they are cold)
What is Pemphigus Vulgaris?
Anti-Desmosome Ab (skin sloughs off when touched), starts in oral mucosa
What is Pernicious Anemia?
Anti-IF Ab, vitamin B12 deficiency = Megaloblastic Anemia
What is Polyarteritis Nodosa?
p-ANCA Ab, attacks the gut kidneys and nervous system, associated with Hep B infection, there is no pulmonary environment
What is Post-Strep GN?
ASO Ab, Nephritic with complement deposition, after 3 weeks post infection
What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Rheumatoid factor present pain and swelling is worse in the morning, anti-citrullinated peptide protein antibodies
What is Scleroderma?
Anti-Scl70 Ab, (Anti-TopoI) fibrosis tight skin, masked faces
What is Sjogrens?
Anti-SSA Ab, dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis
What is SLE?
Anti-ds DNA / Sm / Cardiolipin Ab, Malar Rash, photosensitivity, oral ulcers, rheumatoid factor positive, VDRL test but not infected, FTA-ABS to confirm
What is SLE Cerebritis?
Anti-Neuronal Ab, Anti-Ribosomal Ab
What is Vitiligo?
Anti-Melanocyte Ab, white patches on skin
What is Warm Hemolysis?
Anti-Rh Ab, bleeds at body temperature
What is Wegner’s?
c-ANCA Ab, attacks ENT, lungs, and kidney
What is HSP?
IgA Disease 2 or 3 days post common cold or GI infection, leads to Berger’s
What is Berger’s?
IgA Disease 2 weeks post vaccination, serum sickness
What is Alport’s?
IgA Disease 2 weeks after diarrhea, HSP, and Polio
Where is CK-MB found?
Heart
Where is CK-MM found?
Muscle
Where is CK-BB found?
Brain
Why should you wait 30 minutes after a meal before swimming?
All blood is shunted to the GI for digestion, digestion depletes ATP, stores No ATP = No muscle movement
How does a Neurogenic Muscle Disease present?
Distal weakness and fasciculation’s
How does a Myopathic Muscle Disease present?
Proximal weakness and pain
What is a Light Chain Composed of?
Actin
What is a Heavy Chain Composed of?
Myosin
What Band of the Sarcomere does not change length?
The A Band
Where are the T-Tubules located?
Cardiac Muscle: At the Z line, Skeletal Muscle: At the A-I Junction
What is Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy?
Caused by a Dystrophin Frameshift Defective Dystrophin, patients will have a Gower sign and calf Pseudohypertrophy
What is Becker’s Muscular Dystrophy?
Dystrophin Missense, milder form of DMD, symptoms present after 5 years of age.
What is seen with Myotonic Dystrophy?
Bird’s Beak Face, can’t let go when they shake hands
What is Myasthenic Syndrome?
Patients will tell you they get stronger as the day goes by, stronger with EMG, Is associated with small cell CA - Lambert-Eaton Syndrome
What is Myasthenia Gravis?
Anti-ACH postsynaptic Ab, patients between approximately 20-30 years old get weaker as the day goes by (dysarthria, Ptosis and dysphagia), periotic exacerbations get stronger with Edrophonium, weaker on EMG, must rule out Thyoma
What is Multiple Sclerosis?
Due to production of Anti-Myelin antibody, Seen more common in 20-40 year old women, complain of vision disturbances, spasticity (UMN), decreased sensation, symptoms wax and wane - each MS attack gets worse
