Rheumatic disease 3 Flashcards
What is the most common rheumatic disease
degenerative articular Rheumatic disease
(osteoarthritis)
what is osteoarthritis characterised by
by progressive loss of cartilage and reactive changes at the margins of the joint and in the subchondral bone
describe the prevalence of osteoarthritis
- disease usually begins in >40s
- prevalence increases with age and disease becomes almost universal in patients aged >65
what does osteoarthritis primarily affect
primarily affects weight bearing joints such as knees, hips and lumbrosacral spine
what is the cause of degenerative joint disease
cause is unclear
- considered to be a wear and tear arthritis
- frequently associated with obesity
- genetic factors also play role in development (dominant in females)
what is the final outcome of degenerative joint disease
full thickness loss of cartilage down to bone
- complete destruction of the joint and surgical intervention is required
describe the effects of degenerative joint disease in early stages
in early disease, pain only occurs after joint use and is relieved by rest
describe the effects of degenerative joint disease in later stages
as disease progresses, pain occurs with minimal motion or even at rest
- nocturnal pain is commonly associated with severe disease
what are the functional limitations of degenerative joint disease
- limited use of the involved joint
- walking and transfer activities may be impaired
- generally, ADLs will not be significantly impaired
outline the treatment and prognosis of DJD
- medication
- early PT/exercises
- heat/cold therapy
- joint protection
- surgery
give an example of a generalised non articular disorder
fibromyalgia syndrome
what is fibromyalgia syndrome
a chronic musculoskeletal syndrome characterised by diffuse pain in the absence of synovitis or myositis (muscle inflammation)
describe the prevalence of FMS
- 10-12% of general population
- strong female preponderance
what is the working model of FMS
- a disorder of pain processing
- CNS desensitisation
- makes usually non painful stimuli feel painful
what is the presentation of FMS
- normal physical examination
- no significant abnormalities on joint examination
- characteristic finding is tenderness upon palpation of discrete anatomical locations (tender points)