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OWN > Rheum - corrections > Flashcards

Rheum - corrections Flashcards

1
Q

Define arthropathy

A

disease of a joint

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2
Q

Define arthritis

A

inflammation of a joint

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3
Q

Define arthralgia

A

pain in a joint

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4
Q

State the 2 main categories of arthritis

A
  • inflam (commonly osteoarthritis)

- non- inflam

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5
Q

State the 2 main categories of inflam arthritis

A
  • seropositive (has antibody tests)

- seronegative

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6
Q

State some examples of seropositive and seronegative arthritis

A

+ve - RA, lupus, scleroderma, vasculitis, sjogren’s

-ve - ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, enteropathic arthritis

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7
Q

State the associated condition to Anti-CCP

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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8
Q

State the associated condition to Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)

A
  • SLE (all px, but not specific)
  • Sjogrens
  • Systemic sclerosis
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9
Q

State the associated condition to Anti-double stranded DNA antibody (dsDNA)

A

SLE (specific, but only 60% px)

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10
Q

State the associated condition to Anti-Sm

A

SLE (highly specific)

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11
Q

State the associated condition to Anti-Ro

A
  • SLE (neonatal lupus)

- Sjogrens

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12
Q

State the associated condition to Anti-La

A

Sjogrens

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13
Q

State the associated condition to Anti-centromere antibody

A

Systemic sclerosis (limited)

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14
Q

State the associated condition to Anti-Scl-70 antibody

A

SLE

MCTD

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15
Q

State the associated condition to Anti-Jo-1 antibody

A

Myositis

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16
Q

State the associated condition to Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)

A

Small vessel vasculitis (GPA, EGPA, MPA)

17
Q

State the findings on X-ray in osteoarthritis

A

L - loss of joint space
O - osteophytes
S - sclerosis (looks more white)
S - subchondral cysts

18
Q

State the hallmark features of Osteoarthritis

A
  • morning stiffness (less than 30mins)
  • knee, hip, hand or joint involvement
  • non symmetrical
19
Q

State the hallmark features of Rheumatoid arthritis

A
  • symmetrical
  • small joints (spreads as disease progresses)
  • morning stiffness (over 30mins)
  • rheumatoid nodules (25% px)
20
Q

State the auto-antibody tests for RA

A 
Rheumatoid factor (RF)
Anti-CCP (v specific)
21
Q

State the 1st line treatment for RA

A

DMARDs (methotrexate)

22
Q

What gene do the 4 seronegative inflammatory arthropathies have in common?

A

HLA-B27

23
Q

State the 4 seronegative inflammatory arthropathies

A
  • ankylosing spondylitis
  • psoriatic arthritis
  • reactive arthritis
  • enteropathic arthritis
24
Q

What happens to the spine in ankylosing spondylitis?

A
  • spinal morning stiffness, improved by exercise
  • loss spinal movement
  • ? spine
25
Q

State what Reiter’s syndrome consists on in Reactive arthritis

A
  • urethritis
  • uveitis/conjunctivitis
  • arthritis
26
Q

Summarise the pathology behind SLE

A
  • defective apoptosis
  • released nuclear materials which act as auto-antigens
  • B + T cells stimulated
  • produce auto-antibodies
  • immune complexes form from antigen/antibodys
  • deposition of these in BM
  • activation of complement + cytokines
27
Q

State the drug used for all SLE px

A

hydroxychloroquine

28
Q

State what characterises Sjogrens

A 
dryness (mouth, eyes)
arthralgia
fatigue
parotid gland swelling
increased cavities
29
Q

State what characterises systemic sclerosis

A
  • Raynauds
  • fibrosis
  • atrophy of skin and subcutaneous tissue
  • telangiectasia
30
Q

State the antibodies for systemic sclerosis

A

anti-centromere (limited)

anti-scl-70 (diffuse)

31
Q

State the hallmarks for polymyalgia rheumatica

A
  • muscle STIFFNESS
  • ache in shoulder + hip area
  • over 50yrs
32
Q

What other condition is associated with polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

temporal (giant cell) arthritis

33
Q

State the hallmarks for polymyositis and dermatomyositis

A
  • muscle WEAKNESS

- under 40yrs

34
Q

What is the best diagnostic test for polymyositis and dermatomyositis?

A

muscle biopsy (perivascular inflam, muscle necrosis)

35
Q

Describe the difference between the 2 types of large vessel vasculitis

A 
Takayasu arteritis (TA) - less than 50 yrs
Temporal (giant cell) arteritis (GCA) - more than 50
36
Q

What is the best diagnostic test for the 2 types of large vessel vasculitis?

A

MR angiogram (detects thickened vessel walls and stenosis)

37
Q

Define the difference between GPA and EGPA

A

similar features but EGPA associated with late onset asthma and raised eosinophils

OWN (8 decks)

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