rheum Flashcards
name a complication of paget’s disease
Deafness
How do you calculate adjusted calcium for low albumin?
ca + ((40- alb) x 0.02)
How do you calculate adjusted calcium for high albumin?
ca - ((alb- 45) x 0.02)
Define brachydactyly
Shortness in fingers and toes
How many days does a bone remodeling cycle take?
The cycle takes approximately 120 days.
Which cell makes Osteoid?
Osteoblasts
Peak bone mass is achieved at …. years
20-30 years
Age related bone loss begins at ….years
40-50 years
Risk factors for osteoporosis (8)
- Advancing age
- Hypogonadism (either sex)
- Female gender
- Glucocorticoid therapy
- Caucasian or Asian race
- Low body weight
- Family history of osteoporosis
- Previous or prevalent fragility fracture
What is Schirmer’s Test
Test to assess for dry eyes by placing a strip in the lower eyelid
True or False
Gout displays positive birefingement crystal in polarised light?
FALSE
Gout displays NEGATIVE birefingement crystal in polarised light?
True or False
Pseudogout displays positive birefingement crystal in polarised light?
True
Define Mononeuritis Multiplex
Neuropathy of 2 or more nerves that are not anatomically related
Bechet’s disease is asscociated with which genetic type (hla..)
HLA-B5
Name the symptoms of Bechet’s disease
- Ulceration of the Mouth and genitals
- Joint pain
- uveitis
- skin lesions
Treatment for Bechet’s
- Colchicine
- DMARDS: Azothioprine or cyclophosphamide
- Infliximab
What is Wegener’s Granulomatosis - now renamed Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Small vessel vasculitis that affects the kidneys, lungs, nose, ears and sinuses
Name a few symptoms of Granulomatosis with Polyangiatis
- Lungs
- Skin
- Eyes
- Bowels
- Nerves
Lungs - breathlessness, wheeze, dry cough or coughing up blood
Skin - rashes, ulcers, and necrosis (death of tissue)
Eyes - red (blood shot) eyes, painful, dry or gritty eyes, visual loss or other changes in vision
Nerves - loss of sensation, weakness, unusual painful symptoms in the hands and feet (hotness, pins and needles or “electric shocks”) and rarely paralysis or stroke
Bowels - Diarrhoea, bleeding and abdominal pain.
Treatment for Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA)
Steroid (Presdisolone) + DMARD (cyclophosphamine/ Methotrexate)
Sjogren’s Syndrome is asscociated with which genetic type (hla..) in caucasians
HLA-DR3
What are the antibody markers for systemic sclerosis?
positive ANA, often anti-centromere or anti-Scl-70 antibodies
What is Behçet’s Syndrome?
It is a systemic vasculitis that affects both Arteries and Veins and also many organ systems
How is Polyarteritis nodosa treated?
- High dose Glucocorticoid therapy
+
- Pulsed cyclophosphamide therapy
Jaccoud’s arthropathy is a manifestation of which disease?
SLE
