Orthopaedics

Question 1

In the shoulder joint what is the name of the structure that supports the glenohumeral joint

Answer 1

Labrum- A fibre-cartilaginous Ring

Question 2

Name the rotator cuff muscles .

Answer 2

supraspinatus,
infraspinatus,
teres minor
subscapularis

(providing dynamic stability to the glenohumeral joint.)

Question 3

What does the “scarf test” test for?

Answer 3

Impingement in the Acromioclavicular joint

Question 4

What are the 3 nerve innervations of the glenohumeral joint

Answer 4

1) Axillary Nerve
2) Suprascapular Nerve
3) Subscapular Nerve

Question 5

What happens in winged scapular

Answer 5

Defect in the Long thoracic nerve- cannot innervate serratus anterior muscle
=winged scapula

Question 6

What shoulder movement is lost by entrapment of the Suprascapular Nerve

Answer 6

loss of abduction and external rotation

because the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles are affected

Question 7

What is frozen shoulder also known as

Answer 7

Adhesive capsulitis

Question 8

How do you treat Frozen Shoulder

Answer 8

Usually a self limiting condition

1) No therapy
2) Analgesia (NSAIDs)
3) Physiotherapy
4) Steroid injections
5) Surgery- capsular release or manipulation under Anaesthetic

Question 9

Damage to the axillary nerve following an anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint will lead to wasting of which muscle?

Answer 9

Deltoid AND Teres Minor

Question 10

When is Subacromial decompression surgery indicated?

Answer 10

May be indicated for symptoms of impingement that is non-responsive to conservative management.

Rotator cuff pathology

Question 11

What shoulder movement is lost in frozen shoulder?

Answer 11

external rotation and abduction active and

passive range

Question 12

Name the six signs of fractures

Answer 12

Lucency or break in the continuity of the cortex (black lines)

• Impaction (angulation),
• Loss of trabecular pattern
• cortical bulging
• cortical angulation
• epiphyseal misalignment.