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Blood Bank > Rh Blood Group Systems > Flashcards

Rh Blood Group Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Proposed the RHD and RHCE genes

A

Patricia Tippett

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2
Q

Expression of Rh genes

A

Autosomal codominant

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3
Q

Location of RHD and RHCE genes

A

Chromosome 1

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4
Q

Co-expressor but by itself cannot express any Rh antigens

A

RHAG gene

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5
Q

Location of RHAG gene

A

Chromosome 6

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6
Q

Rh system nomenclature involving the presence of 3 separate genes D,C, and E and their alleles c and e—linked on the same chromosome and are inherited as group of 3

A

Fischer-Race

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7
Q

Rh system nomenclature based on the notion that a single locus on a gene carries the entire Rh system

A

Wiener

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8
Q

Most common in blacks

A

R0r

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9
Q

Most common in Asians/Whites

A

R1r

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10
Q

4 most common genotypes

A

R1, R2, r, R0

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11
Q

Rh nomenclature system that assigns a number to each antigen in order of its discovery or recognized relationship to the Rh system

A

Rosenfield

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12
Q

Rh nomenclature system that adopted a 6 digit number for each authenticated antigen

A

International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT)

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13
Q

The first 3 numbers of the ISBT represent the

A

System/collection/series

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14
Q

The last 3 numbers of the ISBT represent the

A

Antigenic specificity

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15
Q

These Ags are: polypeptide, reside in transmembrane proteins, not soluble, not expressed in tissues, well developed at birth (can cause HDN), very good immunogens

A

Rh antigens

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16
Q

Most immunogenic antigen after A and B antigens

A

D antigen

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17
Q

Immunogenecity of Rh antigens

A

D > c > E > C > e

18
Q

Ag common in blacks, no/weak reactions with anti-D, and detected by IAT

A

Weak D (Du)

19
Q

Causes of weak D

A

1) positinal D/ C in tans to RHD
2) genetic weak D
3) partial D/ D-mosaic

20
Q

Allele carrying RHD is in trans to allele carrying C

A

Positional D/ C in trans to RHD

21
Q

D antigen is expressed completely but fewer in number

A

Genetic weak D

22
Q

One or more epitopes within the D protein is missing/altered; alloantibodies can be formed against the missing/altered epitopes (can cause HDN)

A

Partial D/D-mosaic

23
Q

C&E are not expressed on RBCs; increased number of D antigens on RBC

A

Rh deletion (D- -/D- -)

24
Q

No antigen expression on RBCs; abnormalities in transmembrane protein

A

Rh null

25
Q

Characterized by HA, reticulocytosis, stomatocytosis, decreased: Hb, Hct, haptoglobin, increased: bilirubin, HbF

A

Rh null

26
Q

Mutated RHAG, normal RHD & RHCE; no RHAG expression; no RHD and RHCE expeessions

A

Regulator type Rh null

27
Q

Mutated RHCE, deleted RHD, normal RHAG

A

Amorphic type Rh null

28
Q

Partial suppression of Rh gene; weakened Rh expression

A

Rh mod

29
Q

Compound antigen; expressed when ‘c’ and ‘e’ are in cis position

A

f(ce)

30
Q

Single amino acid change in RhCe protein

A

Cw

31
Q

Compound antigen; expressed when ‘C’ and ‘e’ are present

A

rhi(Ce)

32
Q

Present on most D+ and C+ RBCs

A

G(DC)

33
Q

Strong D expression because of no Cc/Ee expression

A

Exalted D

34
Q

Not naturally occurring Abs; form upon exposure to corresponding Ags; IgG; warm reacting Abs and react best at 37degC; can cross the placenta; cause HDN

A

Rh antibodies

35
Q

Most clinically significant Rh Abs

A

IgG1 and IgG3

36
Q

Rh Abs that cause complement fixation

A

IgG3 > IgG1 > IgG2

37
Q

Rh Ab that cannot bind complement

A

IgG4

38
Q

Rh Abs best at crossing the placenta

A

IgG1 > IgG4 > IgG3

39
Q

Rh Ab that cannot cross the placenta

A

IgG2

40
Q

Rh Abs with the greatest significance because RBCs coated with these are cleared in the RES

A

IgG1 and IgG2

41
Q

HTRs due to Rh incompatibility usually result in

A

Extravascular hemolysis of liver & spleen

42
Q

Amount of Rh Abs that can stimulate Ab prod. in an Rh neg person

A

Less than 0.1 mL

Blood Bank (4 decks)

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