Revolutions in Europe Flashcards
What were the European Ideologies in 1800?
Conservatism
What did this ideology support?
Return to the world before 1789
How did this ideology support royal families?
Restoration of royal power
How did this ideology support social structure?
It supported a social hierarchy
How did this ideology support the church?
It supported and established the church
How did this revolution effect revolutionary ideas?
It suppresses them
How did this revolution effect freedom of the press?
It opposed it, and used Troops to crush protestes
How did liberalism want support from the government?
Written constitutions
How did liberalism want to control government power?
Separation of powers within the government.
What did liberalism appose under the old patriarchy concepts?
- Divine-right monarchs
- Old Aristocracy
- Established churches
What did liberalism support?
- Rights of liberty, equality, and property
What economic policy did liberalism support?
Laizsze-Fraire
What is Nationalism?
People with a common heritage who unite to form their own homeland
When did European revolts start?
1800s
What did Karageorge do?
Led ware against Ottomans from 1804-1813
What happened when Karageorge fought the Ottomans?
It produced Serbian Identify
Who did Obrenovic turn to for assistance?
Russia in 1815
What year did the Serbs win Autonomy?
1830
What was a key factor to Serbs wining their Autonomy?
Russia defended Serbian interesets
When did the Greeks revolt against the Ottomans?
1821
Who supported the Greeks
Romantic writers
Lord Byron
What did Brittan, Russia, and France force the Ottomans to do in 1820?
Grand independence to some Greek providences
What was Greece forced to do in 1830?
To accept a German King
What happened in Spain, Portugal, and Italian states at this time?
Rebels formed
Who crushed a revolt in Spain?
France
Who crushed a revolt in Italy?
Austria
What happened to the King in france in 1830
Radicals forced him to abdicate
What happened in Belgium in 1830?
Became and independent state
What did Russia do in Poland in 1830s?
Crushed revolt of students, Army, and Landowners
What happened during the French revolution in 1848?
Napoleon voted president
What did Mettermich do in Austria in 1848?
Flee in disguise
In 1848 what did Lous Kossath demand for Hungary?
An independent government
What did the Chechs want during 1848 as well?
Independent government
What happened to the Pope in 1848 in Italy?
Expel the Pope from Rome
Install Nationalist Government
What happened in Frankfurt Germany in 1848?
King offered the throne of united Germany
He refuses!
What was important about class and fuel conflict?
They both could be defeated
How did Revolutions fail?
If Peasantry didn’t support them
In 1848 what happened to Serfdom?
It was aboloished
Does Nationalism work for or against revolutions?
Against
Who did not help the Danes, Czechs, Poles, Croats and Serbs?
Germans
Who did the Austrians join forces with against the Hungarians?
Russia
Why didnt revolution happen in England?
England Chartism
Why didnt Russia have a revolution?
Rule under Nicholas
What reforms did happened in England in 1846?
Repeal of Corn Laws
Why did revolts happen in Latin America?
300-year rule by Spanish
Why was Latin America unhappy?
Social, Racial, and Political Systems
What were Peninsuaares?
Highest Class in Latin America
If you were born in Portugal or Spain what jobs could you hold?
Government and Church
What were the Creoles considered?
Second Class
What were the Creoles’ descendants of?
European decent
What were the Metattoes
European descendants denied any status
Why did Enlitenemnt Values inspire Metattoes?
They had no status in society
What happened when Napoleon invaded spain?
Latin American leaders exploited spains weakness
What did the slaves in Haiti win?
Freedom for Haiti
What did Toussaint L’ Ouverture do in 1791 in Haiti?
Led former slaves to defeat oppressors ending slavery
Who sent armies to the Americas to end revolts?
France, Spain, and Brittian
Which revolution took the most lives?
Americas
What was the goal of Toussaint rebel forces in 1798
End slavery, and control the insland
What did Napoleion do to Toussaint and the island?
Sent large army to concour
What happened to Toussaint after the French truce?
Prison in France, he died there
What caused the french Army to surrender in 1803
Yellow Fever
When did Haiti become a republic
1804
When Haiti become a republic in 1804 what happened with its leaders?
Fight for power internally
Who is hailed the Father of the Mexio Nation?
Hidalgo
What speech did Hidalgo give?
“El Grito De Dolores”
What did the “El Grito De Dolores” call for?
Mexicans to fight for indipendence.
What was Hidalgos Army made up of?
Poor Mestizos and Native Americans.
Why did the Creoles leave Hidalgos
He called an end to slavery
What happened to Hidalgo a year later?
Recaptured and executed.
Who continued after Hidalgo?
Father Jose Morelos
What happend to Father Morelos 4 years later in 1815?
Captured and executed
What did the Spanish conservatives almost do?
Hunt down remaining rebels
Why didnt the spanish conservatives bring and end to the revolution?
Political climate in Spain changed
Who is Agustin De Iturbide
A conservative who faught against the revilutionsaries
How did Mexico win its independence?
Agustin De Iturbide joined forces with the revolutionists
With the help of Creoles, Mestizos, and Native Americans, what title did Iturbide take after defeating the Spanish?
Emperor Agustin1
What would happen to Iturbide’s mexican government in 1824
Liberals would topple it
What did Iturbide try to do when new republics emerged?
Claim these lands under his Empire.
After Iturbide was overthrown what did leaders set up and call the Mexican Republic?
United Provinces of Central America
In 1838, what happened to the United Province of Central America, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica
They broke apart
What was the Lautaro Lodge?
A secret society
What was the Lautaro Lodge known as
Lodge of Rational Knights
