Revolution in England+ North America

Question 1

According to James I, where did his right to rule come from?

Answer 1

James I believed his right to rule came from God. He ruled as an absolute monarch and considered himself to be a divine ruler.

Question 2

What was the goal of parliament in presenting the Petition of Right to Charles I?

Answer 2

The Petition of Right aimed to make the king less irresponsible and it made Charles I promise not to:

-collect forced loans or levy taxes without parliaments consent
-imprison individuals without cause
-pit anyone on house arrest without the house owners consent

Question 3

What was the main cause of the English Civil War?

Answer 3

The civil war started because of Charles I spending $ and raising taxes. Charles I also arrested 5 members of parliament and civil war broke out.

Question 4

Which aspect of society supported parliament in the civil war?

Answer 4

The new model army or the Roundheads supported parliament during the civil war

Question 5

What was the main long-term effects of the civil war?

Answer 5

The creation of the commonwealth (Ireland, Wales Scotland). The restoration of the monarchy.

Question 6

How did Charles II deal with parliament?

Answer 6

Charles II dealt cautiously with parliament and usually had its support. He urges religious toleration as he was secretly Catholic.

Question 7

What was contained in the Test Act?

Answer 7

The TEST ACT required any person in public office to be Anglican and excluded Protestant believers from joining universities, the navy and the army

Question 8

What was the main problem that parliament had with James II?

Answer 8

James II was openly Catholic and put Catholics in the army and hight government positions, ignoring the test act. When he had a male heir that was Catholic, he was driven out of England.

Question 9

What were the results of the Glorious Revolution?

Answer 9

William and Mary became joint rulers and signed the Bill of Rights (protecting English liberties), marking the end of the Glorious Revolution. The rulers powers came from parliament, NOT God.

Question 10

Define Prime Minister

Answer 10

A prime minister was the king’s Chief advisor, handled financial matters, and was the head of the cabinet. First Prime Minister was Sir. Robert Walpole.

Question 11

In the early 1700’s, local affairs in the American colonies were continued by . . .

Answer 11

Colonist controlled local affairs and Britain control colonial traid.

Question 12

After 1763, Parliament passed what type of laws that affected the American Colonies?

Answer 12

Heartland parliament passed a series of laws one of them called the stamp Act to raise revenue after a war Britain was in. The stamp Act taxed anything and everything, and people in the colonies were not used to this and were outraged.

Question 13

In the Declaration of Independence, American colonies claimed they could revolt because . . .

Answer 13

Of their consistent oppression. They also didn’t consent to being ruled.

Question 14

What were the American advantages that assisted them in winning the War of Independence?

Answer 14

-Patriotism, they were on their own land.
-knew the land
-did new strategies, fought in the countrysides and hide in towns
-George Washington
-French supplied them with troops and men

Question 15

Why was the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution?

Answer 15

The Bill of Rights was added to the first amendment as it protected freedom of speech, press and religion and other.

Question 16

Stamp Act

Answer 16

Past and 1765, attacks Britain and the colonies on newspapers, deeds, cards and other products. Normal in Britain but it cost outrage in a colonies. Purpose was to raise money after a war.

Question 17

Act of Settlement

Answer 17

Stated only Anglicans could inherit the English throne and become a monarch. This act was used to prevent Catholics from ruling.

Question 18

Intolerable Acts

Answer 18

Punishment for the colonies, imposed military rule, closed Boston’s parliament and closed Massachusetts assembly.

Question 19

Navigation Acts

Answer 19

Push the colonies to develop their own shipping industries, which freed them from foreign competition.

Question 20

Habeas Corpus Act

Answer 20

Protected assistant from arbitrary arrest, they have to be put before a judge to be decided if a trial was necessary.

Question 21

When was James II overthrown?

Answer 21

James overthrew the throne in 1688 to 1689.

Question 22

When did the American colonies win Independence?

Answer 22

The Americans won Independence on July 4, 1776.

Question 23

When did Sir Robert Walpole become prime minister?

Answer 23

Sir Robert was prime minister from 1721 to 1742.

Question 24

When did James I inherit the throne?

Answer 24

James inherited the throne in 1603.

Question 25

When did English Civil War begin?

Answer 25

The English Civil War took place from 1642 to 1649.

Question 26

Describe two actions of Charles I that contributed to the outbreak of the English Civil War.

Answer 26

-Arbitrary rule, demanding money from Parliament then dissolving it.

-His appointed officials were abusive of their power and unpopular.

Question 27

How did the English bill of rights affect the power of English monarchs?

Answer 27

The Bill of Rights limited at Monarch’s power and protected the liberties of the people. It made Parliament stronger than the monarch.

Question 28

Discuss one way in which English government changed in the 1700’s.

Answer 28

More political parties were established and defined in Parliament.

-Whigs - limited wealthy land owners, strong navy, trade
-Tories - defined royal power, less land than Whigs

Question 29

How did the ideas of John Locke and the French philosophes influence the American Declaration of Independence?

Answer 29

John Locke and the French philosophy ideas push the separation of powers (checks and balances), such as the legislative executive and judicial. The Bill of Rights for basic rights.

Question 30

What ideas of Montesquieu are included in the constitution of the United States?

Answer 30

But no branch of government overpowers another, checks and balances.