Revolution (Ch. 14)

Question 1

Revolution

Answer 1

A fundamental change in the political and soical instituions of a society, often accompanied by violence, cultural upheavel, and civil war.

Question 2

American Revolution (1775-1783)

Answer 2

Also called the War of Independence and the Revolutionary War, this epoch-making event led to the end of British rule over the 13 American colonies an dto the formation of the US in 1787-1789; usually dated from the Declaration of Indepence in 1776.

Question 3

French Revolution (1789)

Answer 3

Brought down the Bourbon monarch in France in the name of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity, Introduced the contagion of liberalism in a Europe still ruled by conservative, aristocratic, and royalist institutions; an dushered in the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte. Prelude to the First Republic in France an dthe Napoleonic Wars. (France had a hierachy so 97% Peasants were never called to meetings)

Question 4

Relative Reprication Model

Answer 4

relative deprivation theory is a view of social change and movements, according to which people take action for social change in order to acquire something (for example, opportunities, status, or wealth) that others possess and which they believe they should have, too. Some sociologists believe relative deprivation theory explains why people join social movements or advocate social change

Question 5

Burke, Paine and Locke’s View of revolution

Answer 5

Burke: Most negative view of revolutions; believes in the idea of order;not gov’ts job to make promises they can’t keep

Paine: Has most positive view of revolution; Get rid of monarchy; put in jail because he wasnt revolutionary enough (in France)

Locke: Hesistant because he knows revolutions can end badly.

Question 6

Causes of Revolution

Answer 6

Bad Institutions/Leaders
Relative Depraction Theory: things get better but they expect more
Rapid Change: Modernization

Question 7

Russian Revolution of 1917

Answer 7

the tsar(Czarist govt collapsed) abdicated and a provisional government was set up; followed by the overthrow of this provisional government by a coup d’état

Question 8

Iranian Revolution of 1979

Answer 8

Things were getting better but people began to expect more. (Relative Depracation)

Question 9

Revolutions in Eastern Europe in 1989

Answer 9

This last uprising, that in Romania in December of 1989, was particularly dramatic because of Ceausescu’s attempted repression. He was head of state from 1965 to 1989, when he was executed by revolutionaries. He is notorious today for being the sole communist leader in the midst of the revolutions of 1989 to refuse concessions to the reformers. Indeed, he tried to suppress them in the brutal manner of the Stalin era. In this he played the villain in the eyes of the media. In the land of Dracula, some commentators quipped, the undead had returned.

Question 10

Social Contract

Answer 10

Giving up rights so that govt protects natural rights

Question 11

Marx

Answer 11

German philosopher, economist, and revolutionary. With the help and support of Friedrich Engels he wrote The Communist Manifesto (1848) and Das Kapital (1867-1894). These works explain historical development in terms of the interaction of contradictory economic forces, form the basis of all communist theory, and have had a profound influence on the social sciences.

Question 12

Tocueville

Answer 12

French politician, traveler, and historian. After touring the United States (1831-1832), he wrote Democracy in America (1835), a widely influential study of American institutions.