Revival of the Arts

Question 1

An artistic and cultural period that placed importance on reason, order, and scientific inquiry.

Answer 1

Neoclassicism

Question 2

Specifically, Neoclassical art developed as a reaction to the ____________________ and highly emotional ________________.

Answer 2

excessive Rococo, Baroque styles

Question 3

Neoclassicism started in Europe in ___________ and ended in __________.

Answer 3

1750, 1850

Question 4

Thus, __________________, _____________, and _________________ are not qualities of Neoclassical art.

Answer 4

self-expression, newness, and improvisation

Question 5

There were also patterns of ______________ common in Greek sculpture.

Answer 5

drapery

Question 6

One of the goals of the Neoclassical style was?

Answer 6

To help spectators of art to relate more to the art form (pg. 136)

Question 6

The later French Neoclassical paintings were more uncompromising than the Early Neoclassical paintings made by the _____________________________.

Answer 6

Italians in Rome

Question 7

As to subject matter, Neoclassical painters were inspired by ancient ___________ and __________________ and history as told in poetry, and historical interpretations.

Answer 7

Greek and Roman

Question 8

One of the most important sources of subject matter in artworks was _________ who authored Iliad and Odyssey.

Answer 8

Homer

Question 9

In the 1700s, the discovery of archaeological sites in Greece and Italy and the desire to break from the outdates Rococo and Baroque sculptural styles led many people to collect _____________________.

Answer 9

antique sculptures

Question 10

Many people collected antique sculptures in the 1700s. ________________ were the most collected, although many of them were copies of the Greek originals.

Answer 10

Roman sculptures

Question 11

Baroque sculpture was _________ and ____________.

Answer 11

Active and dynamic

Question 12

They subdivided expressions and actions into classical calm, idealized the body and face into a classical hero, and transformed costumes into close-fitting dresses to elude references to the ephemeral.

Answer 12

Neoclassical sculptors

Question 13

The first Neoclassical structures were built side by side with Classical structures; they have been erected as if to counter the ostentatious Classical buildings. True or False?

Answer 13

False. It’s not Classical, it’s Baroque

Question 14

Home of early Neoclassical architecture

Answer 14

England

Question 15

3 most famous examples of early Neoclassical architecture in England.

Answer 15

• the Cathedral Church of St. Paul the Apostle
• the Royal Chelsea Hospital
• the Royal Observatory in Greenwich

Question 16

Characteristics of Neoclassical buildings

Answer 16

• Clean and elegant lines
• Simplicity of geometric forms
• Grandeur of scales

Question 16

The Cathedral Church of St. Paul the Apostle, The Royal Chelsea Hospital, and The Royal Observatory in Greenwich is all designed by _____________________, who ironically is labeled today today as a Baroque artist.

Answer 16

Sir Christopher Wren

Question 17

A graphical element in Neoclassical architecture.

Answer 17

column

Question 18

3 main types of Neoclassical architecture

Answer 18

• Temple
• Palladian
• Classical block buildings

Question 19

It developed during the Neoclassical period as a result of a wider familiarity with ancient Greek and Roman ruin.

Answer 19

Temple style architecture

Question 20

A line of columns around a building

Answer 20

peristyle

Question 21

2 most famous Neoclassical temple-style buildings

Answer 21

• British Museum in London
• Roman-inspired Pantheon in Paris

Question 22

It derives its name from Andrea Palladio.

Answer 22

Palladian

Question 23

One of the most influential architects of late Italian Renaissance.

Answer 23

Andrea Palladio

Question 24

He was known for many country houses he designed.

Answer 24

Robert Adam

Question 25

2 most famous of Palladian buildings

Answer 25

• United States Capitol
• the White House

Question 26

It features a massive square or rectangular block with a classical detail-rich exterior and a flat roof.

Answer 26

Classical block building

Question 27

He was once the head of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, was one of the most respected Neoclassical painters.

Answer 27

Jean-Aguste-Dominique Ingres

Question 28

His highly rational brand of historical painting in the 1780s marked a shift in style away from the excesses of Rococo toward the soberness and timelessness of the Classical Greek and Roman.

Answer 28

Jacques-Louis David

Question 29

Canova’s subject matter was usually based on?

Answer 29

Classical mythology

Question 30

Despite his lasting status as one of the fathers of Neoclassical art, his earliest works had Rococo or late Baroque sensibilities that appealed to the Venice nobility, one of his first patrons.

Answer 30

Antonio Canova

Question 31

Canova’s sculpture titled ______ is a reflection of his taste for idealization, as evidenced by the restrained harmonies of proportion, smooth surfaces, sleek modeling, and clear lines.

Answer 31

Perseus

Question 32

The forefront of Greek revival in architecture.

Answer 32

Sir Robert Smirke

Question 33

Smirke pioneered the use of _________________.

Answer 33

concrete foundations

Question 34

He was influential in developing a unified style in architecture and interior design, wherein the architecture was inspired by the Classical Greek and Roman design that was already popular.

Answer 34

Robert Adam

Question 35

Adamesque followed the rules of Roman architecture. True or False?

Answer 35

False

Question 36

He was influential in the emergence and growth of Romantic art in France.

Answer 36

Theodore Gericault

Question 37

Major rival of Delacroix

Answer 37

Ingres

Question 38

Known as a “master of color,” was inspired by the works of the great Titian and Peter Paul Rubens.

Answer 38

Eugene Delacroix

Question 39

A Spanish painter who was an important figure in the evolution of contemporary aesthetic sensibility.

Answer 39

Francisco Jose de Goya y Lucientes

Question 40

A Romantic sculptor is known for his unique talent to model complex surfaces in clay.

Answer 40

Aguste Rodin

Question 41

Rodin’s most original works veered away from old-fashioned themes of __________ and ____________.

Answer 41

allegory and mythology

Question 42

One of the Major architects of the English Gothic Revival.

Answer 42

Sir Charles Barry

Question 43

Barry’s design had strong ______________________.

Answer 43

Italian influence