Revision Quiz Questions #1 Flashcards
Sensory Organ: Eye
Sense:
Stimuli:
Sensory Receptor:
Q1
Sense: sight/vision
Stimuli: Electromagnetical stimuli, form of visible light
Sensory Receptor: Photoreceptor
Sensory Organ: Ears
Sense:
Stimuli:
Sensory Receptor:
Q1
Sense: hearing
Stimuli: Mechanical stimuli, form of sound waves
Sensory Receptor: Mechanoreceptor
Sensory Organ: Skin
Sense:
Stimuli:
Sensory Receptor:
Q1
Sense: Touch
Stimuli: Mecanical stimuli, form of touch. Temperature variation. Pain (damage to cells)
Sensory Receptor:Mechanoreceptors, Thermoreceptors, Pain receptors
Sensory Organ: Tongue
Sense:
Stimuli:
Sensory Receptor:
Q1
Sense: Taste
Stimuli: Chemical stimuli, form of molecules in food
Sensory Receptor: Chemoreceptors
Sensory Organ: Nose
Sense:
Stimuli:
Sensory Receptor:
Q1
Sense: Smell
Stimuli: Chemical stimuli, form of particles in the air
Sensory Receptor: Chemoreceptors
What is the difference between a neuron and a nerve?
Q2
Neurons are responsible for transmitting electrical signals. Nerves are not individual, and are held together by connective tissues.
What is the function of the cell body
Q3
brings together incoming signals and generates outgoing signals
What is the function of the Dentrites
Q3
Recieve incoming information from other neurons or sensory receptors
electical impulses
What is the function of the axon
Q3
It transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body to the axon terminal
nerve impulses
What is the function of the myelin sheath
Q3
Speeds up the transmission of nerve inpulses
What is the function of the axon terminals
Q3
They release neurontransmitters, communicating with other neurons or target cells at the synapse
What are the three types of Neurons
Q5
- Sensory neurons
- Motor neurons
- Interneurons (relay neurons)
What is the function of sensory neurons
Q5
Detect sensory stimuli and transmits signals to the CNS for processing
What is the function of motor neurons
Q5
Sends signals from the CNS to muscles or glands.
What is the function of interneurons (relay neurons)
Q5
Only found in the CNS. Allow for communication between sensory and motor neurons
Where does the electrical impulse start?
what is the messenger called?
How is a nerve impulse is transmitted from the presynpatic neuron to the postsynaptic neuron
Q7
Electrical impulse travels along the axon of the first neuron (pre-synaptic neuron). When the electrical impulse reaches the axon terminals, a chemical messenger called neurontransmitters are realesed. After a number of steps, the binding of the neurontransmitters to the receptors stimulates he second neuron to be transmitted along its axon.
What is the function of the Cerebrum
Q8
- Thinking
- preciving sensory information
- producing and understanding language
- controlling volentary movements
What is the function of the Cerebellum
Q8
Ensures smooth, balanced movements of muscles and maintains posture and balance
What is the function of the Brain stem
Q8
Essential for basic life functions like breathing, heartbeat, blood pressure regulation. It is also a comunication centre for the Brain and the rest of the body
What is the function of the CNS
Q9
processes sensory information, initiates responses, and coordinates bodily functions
What is the function of the PNS
Q9
connects the CNS to the rest of the body.
What is the function of the Autonomic NS
Q10
regulates involuntary functions like heart rate, digestion, and glandular secretions.
What is the function of the Somatic NS
Q10
controls voluntary muscle movements and sensory perception.
What is the function of the Sympathatic
Q11
Controls the body’s ability to react to stressful/dangerous situations – fight or flight response. Dilate pupils, inhibit digestion, increase heartbeat etc
What is the function of the Parasympathatic
Controls the body’s ability to relax in calm situations – rest and digest response. Constrict pupils, stimulate digestive activity, decrease heartbeat etc.
Label the divisions of the Nervous System
Q12
What is a reflex Arc
Q13
a nerve pathay that enables fast responses to stimuli. The body’s immediate defense mechanism, not requiring conscious brain processing
what are the five key components in a reflex arc?
Q13
- sensory receptor
- sensory neuron
- integration center (spinal cord and interneurons)
- motor neuron
- effector (muscles or glands).
What is a basic stimulus response answer
Q14
Stimulus –> Receptor –> Control Centre –> Effector –> Response
What is the function of the endocrine system
A network of glands and organs that produce hormones. These hormones travel through the bloodstream to target tissues and organs, where they control functions such as metabolism, growth, development, and mood, maintaining overall body homeostasis.
What is the difference between endocrine glands and exocrine glands
Endocrine produces hormones into the bloodstream without ducts, exocrine produces substances through ducts onto the body surfaces. Exocrine is not a part of the endocrine system
Complete this table
How do the endocrine and nervous systems differ in their responses to stimuli? Refer to the speed, specificity, and duration of the response
Speed:
Specificity:
Duration:
Nervous system:
Speed – swift, rapid responses.
Specificity – high level of specificity (very specific responses).
Duration – quick, short-lived responses (does not last very long).
Endocrine:
Speed – gradual, slower responses.
Specificity – non-specific, broad, more general, widespread response that can influence multiple target cells, tissues, and organs.
Duration – long-lasting, prolonged responses.
Label this diagram
Plants
Distinguish between self-pollination and cross-pollination.
Self-polinators = pollen from the anther is deposited on the stigma of the same flower, or another flower on the same plant.
Cross-polinator = transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower on a different individual of the same species
Describe the method of fragmentation by which plants may reproduce asexually
The parent plant produces seeds without fertilization. new plants growing from small parts of a parent plant
What is the function of the overies
Releases an egg every month
What is the function of the fallopian tubes
transports eggs from the ovary to the uterus.
What is the function of the uterus
houses and nourishes a fertilised egg and developing foetus
What is the function of the vagina
a tube of muscles connecting the cervix to the outside of the body
What is the function of the testes
produces immature sperm cells,
What is the function of the vas deferens
transports mature sperm to the penis. Also called the “sperm duct”.
What is the function of the penis
to urinate and for sex and reproduction
Label this Female Reproductice System diagram
Label this male Reproductice System diagram
