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IGCSE RE > Revision For End of G9 Assesment > Flashcards

Revision For End of G9 Assesment Flashcards

1
Q

What is Rosh Hashanah

A

Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year, marks the beginning of the Ten Days of Repentance leading to Yom Kippur. It commemorates the creation of the world and features traditions like sounding the shofar and enjoying symbolic foods.

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2
Q

The importance of the Ten days of Repentance (Rosh Hashanah)

A

The Ten Days of Repentance, spanning from Rosh Hashanah to Yom Kippur, are pivotal for introspection, seeking forgiveness, and spiritual renewal.

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3
Q

What does the first day of Rosh Hashanah celebrate?

A

celebrates God’s Creation

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4
Q

The significance of the Book of Life and the Shofar blowing in synagogue services (Rosh Hashanah)

A

During Rosh Hashanah synagogue services, the Book of Life represents divine judgment for the upcoming year, while the blowing of the shofar serves as a call to repentance and renewal.

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5
Q

Special foods eaten in Rosh Hashanah, and reasons why

A

Apples dipped in honey - Symbolizes a sweet and prosperous new year.

Round challah - Represents the cycle of life and the crown of God’s kingship.

Fish head - Represents the head of the year and hopes for a year of leadership and not of followership.

Dates - Represent wishes for an end to enmity and an increase in love and peace.

Leeks, spinach, or beets - Symbolize the hope that enemies will be cut off.

Black-eyed peas - Symbolize abundance and prosperity.

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6
Q

What is Tashlikh (casting away)?

A

Tashlikh, a Rosh Hashanah ritual, involves symbolically casting away sins by tossing bread into flowing water, reflecting repentance and a fresh start for the new year.

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7
Q

The religious reasons for observing Rosh Hashanah (origins, purpose and symbolism)

A

Rosh Hashanah, rooted in Jewish tradition, marks the new year, emphasizing introspection, repentance, and renewal through symbolic rituals and customs.

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8
Q

The social significance of observing Rosh Hashanah

A

Observing Rosh Hashanah fosters a sense of community and belonging among Jewish people, reinforcing cultural identity, familial bonds, and shared values, while also promoting reflection, unity, and hope for a better future.

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9
Q

Different ways Rosh Hashanah is observed

A

Rosh Hashanah is observed through synagogue attendance, sounding the shofar, festive meals with symbolic foods, acts of charity, and personal reflection.

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10
Q

What happens in the Kiddush and recitation of other blessings?

A

During Kiddush, blessings are recited over wine or grape juice, followed by blessings over bread and symbolic foods, expressing gratitude and hope for the new year.

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11
Q

What is Shabbat?

A

Shabbat is a weekly day of rest and worship in Judaism, observed from Friday evening to Saturday evening

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12
Q

What are the origins of Shabbat?

A

The origins of Shabbat are found in the creation story in Genesis and in the Fourth Commandment.

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13
Q

What is done in the preparation of shabbat?

A

cleaning, cooking, and setting the table before sunset on Friday.

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14
Q

What is Kiddush

A

Kiddush is a blessing recited over wine or grape juice to sanctify Shabbat, usually at the beginning of the Friday evening meal.

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15
Q

What are challah loaves?

A

Challah loaves are two braided breads blessed and eaten on Shabbat, representing the double portion of manna provided to the Israelites.

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16
Q

Why are Jews bot aloud to do certain things in Shabbat?

A

Because Shabbat is supposed to be the day of rest

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17
Q

What is Havdalah?

A

Havdalah is a ceremony marking the end of Shabbat, involving blessings over wine, spices, and a multi-wicked candle.

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18
Q

What is Yom Kippur?

A

Yom Kippur is the holiest day of the Jewish year, dedicated to atonement and repentance

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19
Q

When is Yom Kippur observed?

A

10 days after Rosh Hashsanah

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20
Q

What are the main themes of Yom Kippur?

A

Atonement, repentance (Teshuva), and prayer

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21
Q

What is the shofar used for?

A

To signify the end of the fast

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22
Q

What is prohibited on yom kippur

A

Fasting from food and drink, no bathing, no wearing leather shoes, and no marital relations.

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23
Q

What is Pesach?

A

Pesach, or Passover, is a major Jewish festival celebrating the liberation of the Israelites from Egyptian slavery.

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24
Q

When is Pesach?

A

It begins on the 15th day of Nisan, usually in March or April, and lasts seven days in Israel and eight days in the Diaspora.

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25
Q

What is a Seder?

A

The Seder is a ceremonial meal held on the first two nights (only the first night in Israel) with specific rituals, readings, and symbolic foods.

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26
Q

What is the Haggadah

A

The Haggadah is the text recited during the Seder, recounting the Exodus story and explaining the significance of the rituals and symbols.

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27
Q

What does the matsvah bread represent

A

symbolizing the haste in which the Israelites left Egypt

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28
Q

What does horseradish represent?

A

represents the bitterness of slavery endured by the Israelites in Egypt.

29
Q

What is charoset?

A

Charoset is a sweet mixture of fruits, nuts, and wine, symbolizing the mortar used by the Israelite slaves in Egypt.

30
Q

What does roasted egg represent

A

symbolizes mourning, the festival sacrifice, and the cycle of life and renewal.

31
Q

What does the shank bone represent

A

symbolizes the Passover sacrifice offered in the Temple during ancient times.

32
Q

What do the green vegetables dipped in salt water represent?

A

The tears of the israelites

33
Q

What is Shavuot?

A

Shavuot is a Jewish festival commemorating the giving of the Torah at Mount Sinai and the agricultural celebration of the wheat harvest.

34
Q

When is Shavuot?

A

It occurs seven weeks (50 days) after Passover, falling on the sixth day of the Hebrew month of Sivan, usually in May or June.

35
Q

What does Shavuot commemorate?

A

It commemorates the day when God gave the Torah, including the Ten Commandments, to the Israelites at Mount Sinai, marking the birth of the Jewish nation, and the agricultural celebration of the wheat harvest.

36
Q

What are common traditions associated with Shavuot?

A

Torah study, all-night study sessions (Tikkun Leil Shavuot), decoration with flowers and greenery, and eating dairy foods.

37
Q

What biblical text is often read during Shavuot?

A

The Book of Ruth, which emphasizes themes of loyalty, kindness, and the bond between God and the Jewish people.

38
Q

How long is Shavuot?

A

one day in Israel and for two days in the Diaspora (Jewish communities outside Israel).

39
Q

What is the significance of dairy foods on Shavuot?

A

The exact reasons for eating dairy foods on Shavuot are varied, but it is a common tradition symbolizing the sweetness of the Torah and the abundance of the land of Israel.

40
Q

What is Sukkot?

A

Sukkot is a week-long Jewish festival celebrating the harvest and commemorating the Israelites’ 40 years of wandering in the desert.

41
Q

What is the main ritual of Simchat Torah?

A

The main ritual is the Hakafot, where the Torah scrolls are taken out of the ark and carried around the synagogue in seven circuits while singing and dancing.

42
Q

What themes are emphasized during Sukkot?

A

Sukkot emphasizes joy and gratitude for the harvest and God’s protection.

42
Q

What is a sukkah?

A

A sukkah is a temporary hut built for dwelling during Sukkot, symbolizing the temporary shelters used by the Israelites in the desert.

43
Q

What is Simchat Torah?

A

Simchat Torah is a Jewish holiday that celebrates the completion of the annual Torah reading cycle and the beginning of a new cycle.

44
Q

What is the significance of completing the Torah reading cycle?

A

Completing the Torah reading cycle symbolizes the continuity of Jewish learning and the importance of the Torah in Jewish life.

45
Q

How do communities celebrate Simchat Torah?

A

Communities celebrate with joyful singing, dancing, and often a festive meal, reflecting the joy and gratitude for the Torah.

46
Q

What is a Jewish naming ceremony?

A

A ritual where a newborn is given their Hebrew name.

47
Q

When is the naming ceremony for girls typically held?

A

During the first Torah reading after the baby’s birth, often at a Shabbat service.

48
Q

What is the purpose of a Jewish naming ceremony?

A

To formally introduce the baby to the community and bless the child and parents.

49
Q

What is Brit Milah?

A

The covenant of circumcision, a Jewish ritual circumcision performed on a male infant

50
Q

What is a Bar Mitzvah?

A

A Bar Mitzvah is a Jewish coming-of-age ceremony for boys at age 13

51
Q

Who performs the Brit Milah?

A

A mohel, a trained and certified practitioner of ritual circumcision

51
Q

When is Brit Milah performed?

A

On the eighth day of the infant’s life.

52
Q

What is the significance of Brit Milah?

A

It signifies the covenant between God and the Jewish people, established with Abraham.

53
Q

What is a Bat Mitzvah?

A

A Bat Mitzvah is a Jewish coming-of-age ceremony for girls at age 12

54
Q

What does “Bar Mitzvah” mean?

A

“Bar Mitzvah” means “son of the commandment.”

55
Q

What responsibilities come with a Bar/Bat Mitzvah?

A

The individual is now responsible for observing Jewish commandments (mitzvot) and participating in the Jewish community.

55
Q

What does “Bat Mitzvah” mean?

A

Daughter of Commandment

56
Q

What is typically done during the Bar/Bat Mitzvah ceremony?

A

The celebrant often reads from the Torah, leads prayers, and gives a speech.

57
Q

Why is the Bar/Bat Mitzvah significant?

A

It marks the transition from childhood to adulthood in the Jewish faith.

58
Q

What follows the religious ceremony?

A

Often, there is a celebratory meal or party with family and friends.

59
Q

What is the significance of marriage in Judaism?

A

Marriage is considered a sacred covenant and a mitzvah, fulfilling the commandment to be fruitful and multiply.

60
Q

What is a ketubah?

A

A ketubah is a Jewish marriage contract outlining the husband’s responsibilities to his wife.

61
Q

What is the chuppah?

A

The chuppah is a wedding canopy symbolizing the couple’s new home.

62
Q

What is the significance of the breaking of the glass?

A

It symbolizes the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem and the fragility of human relationships.

63
Q

What is the Chevra Kadisha?

A

The Chevra Kadisha is the holy society responsible for preparing the body for burial according to Jewish law.

64
Q

What is tahara?

A

Tahara is the ritual purification and washing of the body before burial.

65
Q

What is a shroud?

A

A shroud is a simple white garment in which the deceased is dressed for burial.

66
Q

What is the significance of a plain wooden coffin?

A

A plain wooden coffin emphasizes equality in death and the belief in returning to the earth.

IGCSE RE (6 decks)

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