Revision by mocks in January Flashcards
Proper noun
Particular places e.g. London
Common noun
General term for things that are tangible, “chair” and “penguin”
Concrete noun
Physical things that can be touched or measured
Abstract noun
Ideas, emotions, times, qualities occasions e.g. fear
Collective noun
Groups of people, animals or objects e.g. murder of crows
Verb
Doing actions
Adjective
Modifies a noun
Attributive adjective
Before a noun
Predicative adjective
After a noun
Descriptive adjective
Describing the noun e.g. the black cat
Evaluative adjective
Evaluates what the noun is e.g. the good dog
Emotive adjective
Uses emotive words to describe noun e.g. the despairing child
Adverb
Modifies a verb
Preposition
Where something is (under, above)
Determiners
A modifying word that determines the kind of reference a noun or noun group has (a, an, the, every)
Conjunction
A word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause (and, but, if)
Personal pronoun
A word that can function as a noun phrase used by itself and that refers to the participants in the discourse (e.g. I, you, he, she)
Repetition
When a word, phrase or topic is repeated
Interrogative sentence
Sentence mood of a question
Declarative sentence
Sentence mood that states something
Imperative sentence
Sentence mood that orders something
Exclamatory sentence
Sentence mood that shouts something e.g. that uses ‘!’
Hyperbole
Exaggeration
Adverb of manner
How things are done
Adverb of time
When things are done
Adverb of frequency
How often things are done
Adverb of place
Where things are done
Purpose
The purpose of the text
Audience
The specific audience
Form
What type of text it is e.g. if a letter it should contain address etc. at top left
Expletives
swearing
Superlative
The best form of something e.g. “smartest, bravest, shortest”
Possessive pronoun
“Mine, yours, his”
Interrogative pronoun
“Who, what, where”
Metaphors
Describes one thing to describe another
Simile
A simile is a comparison between two different things, designed to create an unusual, interesting, emotional or other effect often using words such as ‘like’ or ‘as’
Comparatives
Better than something else e.g. “taller, smaller, braver”
Tense
Tense is used to show the relation between the action or state described by the verb and the time, two basic tenses in English; the present tense and the past tense.
Dynamic verb
A verb in which involves movement
Stative Verb
A word that describes a state of being, “love” , “want”, “hear”
Auxiliary Verb
A verb that has to used with another verb in order to create present participles or future tense, “DID you go?”
Syntax
The way words form sentences (the ordering of them to create meaning)
Parenthesis
An aside within the text , created by sectioning off extra information between brackets, dashes and commas.
Rhetorical question
A question designed not to be answered. A choice of style.
Hypophora
When a rhetorical question is immediately followed by an answer from the text.
Litote
Deliberately playing down something for effect.
Patterning/ Parallelism
The creation of patterns in the text through repetition of words or phrases (phonological parallelism) or by balancing meaning (semantic parallelism) for deliberate effect.
Tripling
Grouping in threes, either through repetition or structures.
Imagery
A descriptive or metaphorical use of language to create a vivid picture.
Demonstrative Pronoun
“This, that, those”
Attitudes
The attitude or opinions expressed within the text.
Form
Structure and shape of the text.
Colloquialism
Informal language used, “bloke” and “fella”
Personification
Giving human qualities or actions to objects.
Antithesis
Contrast
Neologism
A newly created word.
Orthography
The conventional spelling system of a language.
