Revision

Question 1

The stomach acid contains the strong acid, hydrochloric acid (HCl). What role does the stomach play in carbohydrate digestion (if any)?

Answer 1

NO digestion of carbohydrate occurs in the stomach due to the lack of carbohydrate digestion enzymes (not present).

The harshly acidic environment of the stomach
does not break the GLYCOSIDIC bonds that connect the sugar units within the carbohydrates.

Question 2

Why is it necessary to break carbohydrates down into monosaccharides in the small intestine?

Answer 2

Only carbohydrates in the monosaccharide form can be absorbed by the lining of the small intestine (via active transport), which allows the monosaccharides
(glucose, fructose, galactose) to enter the blood.

Carbohydrates in the disaccharide and polysaccharide form cannot be absorbed by the lining of the small intestine.

Question 3

What is lipolysis?

Answer 3

TAGs from dietary lipids are broken down into FAs and glycerol.

Question 4

Explain the movement of e- and H+ in the ETC & OP

Answer 4

electrons open the H+ channels so H+ can move into the intermembrane space.

The energy of the H+ movement (gradient) is harnessed to attach a Pi onto ADP. (Phosphoanhydride bond)

Question 5

Why are lipids the main source of ATP in fasting state?

Answer 5

Body’s capacity to store lipid (in adipose tissue) is much greater than carb storage (glycogen stores)

Question 6

What is Glycogenolysis?

Answer 6

glycogen stores are broken down into individual glucose units