Revision Flashcards
How do enzymes work?
A substrate connects into an active site of an enzyme. This causes a reaction where the substrate is broken down into 2 molecules.
How does temperature affect enzymes?
Low temperature - move slowly because of low kinetic energy so less collisions with substrates so less reactions
High temperatures - more kinetic energy so more collisions and reactions
Too high - enzymes denature and change shape so less or no reactions
How does pH affect enzymes?
Each enzyme has an optimum pH. If the pH changes enzymes shape so less or no reactions
How does enzyme concentration affect enzymes?
More concentration more reactions but amount of substrates limit reactions
What are inhibitors?
Small molecules that can fit into active sites and stop substrates from fitting into active site
What are enzymes used for?
To break down large large, insoluble food molecules into small, soluble ones that can be absorbed into bloodstream
Where do most enzyme reactions take place?
In the stomach and the small intestine
