Revision 31/03 Flashcards
What is the definition of ABPI?
The highest recorded pressure in the affected leg over the highest recorded pressure in either arm
How do you work out the NNT?
1/Absolute Risk Reduction
How do you work out the Absolute Risk Reduction?
Risk in exposed minus risk in non-exposed
How do you calculate the Odds Ration?
Cross multiply the table (OR=AD/BC)
How do you interpret Odds Ratio?
> 1- Higher odds
1= No increased odds
<1= Reduced oddsHo
What is the sensitivity and how do you calculate it?
How good a test is at detecting the disease in the affected population (A/A/C)
What is specificity and how do you calculate it?
Specificity is how good a test is at ruling out disease- if you test negative how likely it is that you do not have the disease (B/B+D)
What is positive predictive value and how do you calculate it?
If you test positive for disease how likely it is that you actually have it= A/A+D
What is negative predictive value and how do you calculate it?
If you test negative for a disease how likely it is that you actually do not have it = C/C+D
How do you calculate relative risk?
Risk in exposed group/risk in unexposed group
How do you interpret relative risk?
> 1 Increase risk
1 Equal risk
<1 Decrease risk
If low sperm count when should this be repeated?
Three months (This is how long it takes for new sperm to form)
What treatment is first line for restless legs?
Pre-gabalin / Gabapentin
Iron levels should always be checked. Alternative treatments include opiates taken as and when.
What diet may make co-careldopa more effective?
Protein re-distribution diet- most protein eaten as final meal of the day- beneficial if motor fluctuations
What are the guidelines for starting orlistat?
BMI 28-30 with risk factor, BMI >30
At what ACR should you follow CKD guidelines for HTN?
> 30mg/mmol- ACE is first line
At what age should you reassure parents that enuresis is normal until
Up to age 5
In what way is it important to differentiate eneuresis?
Primary or secondary-
Secondary is new bed wetting over the last 6 months in a child who previously had control. It usually indicates pathology. It is also important to assess for daytime symtpoms as these can indicate an underlying issue.
What may you offer to children to help with bed wetting and what age is this suitable?
> 5
Enuresis alarms & positvie reward system
Desmopressin
At what age is NRT not liscenced?
Less than 12
When can someone with a new cast fly?
After 24 hrs if <2hrs
After 48 hrs if >2hr flight
What is a consort diagram?
Shows the flow through a trial. Has a 25 item checklist. Shows participant progress during trial.
What is the minimum acceptable visual acuity for driving a car?
6/12 for Group 1
What are some non-pharmacological treatment options for intractable hiccups?
Sipping iced water, breathing into paper bag, interupting jormal breathing, drinking from opposite side of cup and rubbing soft palate with swab
