revision Flashcards
what is a complicated strep pyogenes infection referring to
rheumatic fever
most common murmur to develop after rheumatic fever
mitral stenosis
presentation of aortic stenosis
angina, dyspnea and syncope
slow rising and slow falling pulse
undisplaced heaving apex
ejection systolic murmur that radiates to carotids
which valve problems cause systolic murmurs
MRS ASS
Mitral regurgitation and aortic stenosis
aetiology of aortic stenosis < 60
calcification of congenital bicuspid valve
aortic stenosis in over 60s cause
degenerative calcifation of valve due to age
descrescendo diastolic murmur
pulmonary regurg
beck’s triad
hypotension
muffled heart sounds
raised JVP
= cardiac tamponade
treatment of cardiac tamponade
draining the pericardial fluid by pericardiocentesis
most common cause of myocarditis
Coxsackie B virus
- diagnosed by PCR and throat swabs
what nerve supplies the sensory innervation of the pleura and pericardium
phrenic
most common primary cardiac tumour
atrial myxoma
what is congenital long QT syndrome
genetic channelopathy disorder
- due to mutation in KCNQ1 gene
- autosomal dominant
management of long QT syndrome
BB
what is brugada syndrome
genetic channelopathy
- due to a mutation in a gene encoding a sodium channel
causes arrhythmia- AF
ECG changes in brugada syndrome
ST elevation and RBBB
cause of infective endocarditis in IVDU
staph aureus
- tricuspid valve most commonly
cause of infective endocarditis in prosthetic valves
staph epidermidis
mobitz type 1
progressive prolongation of the PR interval until eventually QRS is dropped
mobitz type 2
consistent PR interval duration with intermittently dropped QRS complexes
when is atropine used
in bradycardia
example of CCB
amlodipine
s/e of CCB
swollen ankles
MOA of statins
inhibits HMG Co A reductase
when to stop statins
macrolide ABx (erythromycin, clarithromycin)
pregnancy
management of VTE
DOA
- rivaroxaban
presentation of right sided HF
peripheral oedema
distended JVP
hepatosplenomegaly
ascites
left sided heart failure
exertional dyspnoea
PND
orthopneoa
fatigue
cyanosis
pulmonary congestion
management of HF
ACEi and BB
spiranolactone
furosemide
