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MCN > Reviewer #8 > Flashcards

Reviewer #8 Flashcards

1
Q

Endocrine disorder characterized by increased
androgen production and ovulatory dysfunction

A

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

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2
Q

How many % of women are usually affected?

A

5 to 15%

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3
Q

Why is PCOS considered as endocrine disorder?

A

Endocrine system regulates hormone production and function, is intricately involved in the development and manifestation of PCOS

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4
Q

A woman manifests many physical features of a man

A

Hyperandrogenism

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5
Q

Multiple cysts in the ovaries

A

Polycystic ovaries

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6
Q

When GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary hormone it increases the production of?

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone and Luteinizing hormone

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7
Q

What happens when FSH and LH increases in production?

A

Increase production of Estrogen, Progesterone, and Androgen

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8
Q

What happens when there is increase Androgen in women?

A

Increases Insulin production which aid in over production of androgen

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9
Q

Maintains the normal levels of production of hormones that is produced by the liver

A

Sex hormone binding globulin

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10
Q

Prolactin in men

A

Controls testosterone

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11
Q

Prolactin in women

A

Lactation

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12
Q

Growth of excessive male-pattern hair in women

A

Hirsutism

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13
Q

Male pattern balding

A

Alopecia

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14
Q

% of patients that have elevated serum androgen levels

A

50-90%

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15
Q

Normal androgen level

A

6.0 - 86 ng/dl

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16
Q

Infrequent ovulation

A

Intermittent ovulation

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17
Q

Not ovulating

A

Anovulation

18
Q

Velvety plaques on nape of neck and intertriginous areas

A

Acanthosis Nigricans

19
Q

Serum prolactin value

A

Less than 25 ng/mL

20
Q

Thyroid function test value

A

TSH 0.5-5.0 mIU/L

21
Q

FSH value

A

4.7 to 21.5 mIU/mL

22
Q

Luteinizing hormone elevated value

A

5 to 25 IU/L

23
Q

Serum estrone elevated value

A

30 to 400 pg/mL

24
Q

Normal insulin level (Fasting)

A

Less than 25 mIU/L

25
Q

Normal insulin level (30 mins after glucose administration)

A

30-230 mIU/L

26
Q

Normal insulin level (1 hour after glucose administration)

A

18-276 mIU/L

26
Q

Normal insulin level (2 hours after glucose administration)

A

16-166 mIU/L

27
Q

Normal insulin level (3 hours and above after glucose administration)

A

Less than 25 mIU/L

28
Q

Oral Contraceptives use

A
  • Suppress ovarian androgen
  • Increase SHBG
  • Regular menstrual cyclicity
29
Q

Oral contraceptive example

A

Diane-35

30
Q

Anti-androgens example

A
  • Spironolactone 25 mg/day
  • Flutamide 125 mg/day
  • Finasteride 5 mg/day
31
Q

is a medication used to treat infertility in women who do not ovulate, including those with polycystic ovary syndrome

A

Clomid / Clomiphene

32
Q

When added to clomid, improves
ovulatory rates

A

Metformin

33
Q

In 10 couples how many has infertility problems?

A

1 out of 10

34
Q

One of the most common male reproductive system disease

A

Male infertility which is the lack of ability to produce a high sperm count or having an abnormal sperm function or blockage which prevents the delivery of the sperm

35
Q

Normal sperm densities

A

15 million to greater than 200 million sperm per milliliter of semen

36
Q

3 categories for the treatment of male infertility

A
  1. Hormonal treatment to increase sperm counts or noninvasive methods to collect sperm
  2. Surgery to open up blocks in the testicle
  3. Assisted reproductive techniques
37
Q

Surgery to open up blocks in the testicle

A

(Transurethral resection

38
Q

Process of fertilisation where an egg is combined with sperm in vitro

A

In vitro fertilization (IVF)

39
Q

Sperm is placed directly into the uterus using a small catheter

A

Intrauterine insemination (IUI)

40
Q

It involves injecting live sperm into a person’s eggs in a laboratory

A

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

MCN (8 decks)

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