reviewer Flashcards
Broadest sense encompasses all fields of natural science.
Environmental Science
It is concerned with engineering problems in the field of public health, such as control of arthropod-borne diseases, the elimination of industrial health hazards, and the provision of adequate sanitation in urban, rural, and recreational areas, and the effect of technological advances on the environment.
Environmental Engineering
It results from products used in construction materials, the inadequacy of general ventilation, and geophysical factors that may result in exposure to naturally occurring radioactive materials.
Indoor Air Pollutants
___________ (those associated with the activities of human beings) include motor vehicles, fossil fuel burning for electricity and heat, industrial processes, solid waste disposal, and miscellaneous burning of such things as leaves and brush.
Anthropogenic Sources
Incomplete oxidation of carbon results in the production of __________.
Carbon Monoxide
This colorless, odorless gas is lethal to humans within a few minutes at concentrations exceeding 5000 ppm.
Carbon Monoxide
It is identified as causal agents for a variety of diseases.
Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)
HAPs means
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Examples of HAPs
- asbestos
- arsenic
- benzene
- coke oven emissions
- radionuclides may cause cancer
Smelters and refining processes, as well as incineration of lead-containing wastes, are major point sources of _________.
Lead
Volcanic activity and airborne soil are the primary natural sources of _________.
Atmospheric Lead
Result entirely from atmospheric reactions and are not direct emissions from either people or nature; thus, they are called secondary pollutants.
Photochemical Oxidants
PANs means
Peroxyacetyl Nitrate
Include sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur trioxide (SO3), their acids, and the salts of their acids.
Sulfur Oxide (SOx)
It is an international agreement that aimed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and the presence of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Kyoto Protocol
Is the landmark multilateral environmental agreement that regulates the production and consumption of man-made chemicals referred to as ozone depleting substances (ODS).
Montreal Protocol
Is a multilateral environmental agreement signes in 1985 that provided frameworks for international reductions in the production of Ozone depleting substances (ODS) due to their contribution to the destruction of the ozone layer, resulting in an increased threat of skin cancer.
Vienna Convention
Its purpose is to protect the ozone layer in the earth’s stratosphere.
Vienna Convention
It is a legally binding international agreement aimed at preventing and adapting to the effects of climate change.
Paris Agreement
Is a comprehensive air quality management policy and program which aims to achieve and maintain healthy air for all Filipinos.
Clean Air Act of 1999 (R.A 8749)
In contrast to the other major air pollutants, ____________ is a cumulative poison. A further difference is that it is ingested in food and water, as well as being inhaled.
Lead
Bacterial action in the soil releases nitrous oxide (N2O) to the atmosphere.
Nitrogen Dioxide
Air pollutants effects on Materials
Materials can deteriorate due to various mechanisms, including abrasion from solid particles, chemical reactions like solubilization and oxidation-reduction, and electrochemical corrosion. For instance, sulfur dioxide and water can react with limestone, causing it to dissolve and wash away. Factors such as moisture, temperature, sunlight, and the material’s position influence the rate of deterioration. Frequent cleaning processes, like sandblasting buildings or washing clothes, can also contribute to damage.
Air pollutants effect on Vegetation
Air pollutants can damage vegetation by affecting cell and leaf anatomy, particularly the function of guard cells in regulating gas and water vapor exchange. This damage extends beyond superficial leaf injury, impacting growth and fruit size, thereby reducing income for farmers and leading to premature plant death. Additionally, pollutants like fluoride can accumulate on plants, causing direct damage and secondary effects in grazing animals. Diagnosing air pollution damage is challenging due to similarities with other stressors like droughts, pests, and nutrient deficiencies, as well as the synergistic effects of combined pollutants.
