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mlats > Review Skeletal And Muscles > Flashcards

Review Skeletal And Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

name given to the long bone

A

diaphysis

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2
Q

where is the bone marrow produced

A

spongy bones and the ends of the long bone

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3
Q

is dense and looks smooth and homogeneous

A

compact bone

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4
Q

do not fit into any other category

example

A

irregular

vertebrae

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5
Q

bones that form the —— axis belong to the axial skeleton

A

longitudinal

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6
Q

small needle like pieces of bone and has lots of open space is

A

spongy bones

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7
Q

is the limbs and girdles that attach

A

appendicular skeleton

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8
Q

skeletal System includes these 3 things

A

joints and cartilages and ligaments

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9
Q

5 bones functions with examples

A 
support- concreate of the body
protection- protects soft organs
movement- skeletal muscles attach to bones by tendon act like levers 
storage- fat, minerals calcium 
blood cell formation-hematopiesis
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10
Q

in adults the cavity of the shaft is a storage area for ….. also called ……

A

adipose tissue

yellow marrow

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11
Q

how many true ribs do you have

A

7

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12
Q

…. break is when the bone breaks into many peaces

A

comminuted

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13
Q

define rickets

A

disease in children
bones soften and dont calify and bow
cause is lack of calcium build

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14
Q

longest bone in body

A

femur

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15
Q

….. is the hormone the determines if a bone is to be broken down the release of calcium

A

parathyroid

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16
Q

the cavity the forms blood cells and …. is for in the shaft of the bone of children

A

red marrow

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17
Q

how many vertebre in the cervical column

A

7

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18
Q

how many vertebrae in the lumbar column

A

5

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19
Q

what is a freely moving joint

A

synovial

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20
Q

what is scoliosis

A

curved to the side

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21
Q

what is kyphosis

A

outword curve

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22
Q

how many floating ribs do you have

A

2

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23
Q

….. is a type of arthritis that is an autoimmune disorder

A

rheumatoid arthritis

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24
Q

pku testing-

A

babies 24 hours old

can damaged the calcareous

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25
Q

which muscle type is found in the hollow organs

A

smooth muscles

26
Q

what is the only bone in the body that is not attached by a joint

A

hyoid bone

27
Q

define fibrous joints

A

bones joined by fibrous tissue; no joint cavity present

28
Q

synovial joint

A

freely moveable joints exhibting a joint cavity enclosed by a fibrous capsule lines with synovial membrane

29
Q

what is it called when pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid

A

anaerobic glycolysis

30
Q

define acetylcholine ( ach)

A

chemical transmitter substance released by certain nerve endings stimulus

31
Q

what is an insertion

A

muscle is attached to a movable bone

32
Q

what is an origin

A

muscle is attached to an immovable bone

33
Q

what is synergist

A

working together- helps movers by producing the same movement or reducing undesirable movements

34
Q

what is antagonist

A

muscles that oppose or reverse a movement

35
Q

5 functions of muscles with example

A

produce movement- walking
maitain posture and body position- maintain an erect or seared posture
stabilize joints- should joint
generate heat- atp produce 3/4 of the body heat
additional functions- dilates the pupils

36
Q

3 muscle types

A

smooth, skeletal, cardiac

37
Q

define adduction

A

limb towards the midline

38
Q

define circumduction

example

A

roating at the distal end, wrist

39
Q

define abduction

A

limb away from body

40
Q

define peristalsis

A

waves of contraction seen in tube like organs.

propels substance along a tract

41
Q

5 types of white blood cells

A

neutrophils - phagocytes
lymphocytes - immunity, produces antibodies
monocytes- cleans up debree phago is tissue
eosinophils- kills parisists, active allergery
basophils- has hepren

42
Q

lack of —– can cause the heart to stop beating

A

potassium

43
Q

perinje fibers cause the ventricles of the heart to

A

contract

44
Q

heart attack is also called

A

myocardial infarction

45
Q

receiving chambers

A

left and right atruem

46
Q

pumping chambers

A

right and left ventricles

47
Q

amemia is

A

low then normal # of red blood cells

48
Q

av node

A

pauses to allow ventricles to fill

49
Q

pacemaker

A

sa node

50
Q

pericardium is the

A

membrane sac that encloses the heart

51
Q

hemophilia

A

insufficient # of platelets circulating ( thrombocytopenia)

52
Q

blood is made up of

A

plasma 55% and

formed elements 45%

53
Q

rbc is the most numerous

A

formed element

54
Q

—— cause the muscles to go into uncontrolled spams

A

tetanus

55
Q

what happens to a muscle when it is no longer stimulated by nerves

A

atrophy

56
Q

pyruvic acid is

A

the break down of glucose

57
Q

when pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid is

A

idk yet

58
Q

when muscles contract the —— moves towards the —–

A

insertion

orgin

59
Q

acetylcholine is

A

neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle fibers

60
Q

layers of heart

A

( pericardium)

  1. epicardium
  2. myocardium
  3. epicardium
61
Q

heart circulation

A

unoxygenated blood- inferior and superior vena cava- right atruim- tricusped value- right ventricle- pulmonary value- pulmonary artery– lungs( oxygenated)– pulmonary viens– left atruim– bicuspid valvue– aortic valve— aorta– body

62
Q

—- cause muscles to go into spasms

A

tetanus

mlats (4 decks)

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