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Rad Positioning-Spine > Review Sheets > Flashcards

Review Sheets Flashcards

1
Q

Cervicals basic X-ray positioning rules

A

A. Choose a cassette that fits the anatomy
B. Put the part in the middle of the film
C. Direct the CR towards the middle of the anatomy

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2
Q

Cervical SID

A

Every view is done at 72”

EXCEPT: (40”)

  • AP
  • APOM
  • Swimmer’s
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3
Q

Cervical Trauma series views in order

A

-Lateral
-APOM
-AP
-Obliques
-Flexion/Extension
(Least invasive to most invasive yielding the most information)

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4
Q

Cervical view collimation

A

Every view is collimated to 8x10

EXCEPT:

  • APOM = below orbits and into mastoids
  • Flexion/extension = 10x12
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5
Q

Cervical tube tilts

A

15 degree cephalic

  • AP cervical
  • Posterior obliques

15 degrees caudal
-Anterior obliques

5 degree caudal
-Swimmer’s view

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6
Q

Cervical CR placement

A

Every view is directed at C4 (middle of anatomy)

EXCEPT:

  • APOM = between C1/C2
  • Swimmer’s = between C7/T1
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7
Q

Anatomy visualized for cervical views

A
  • Lateral = Base of skull to C7, T1
  • APOM = C1,C2
  • AP = C3-C7 (include lung apices)
  • Obliques = RAO and LPO (Right IVF), LAO and RPO (Left IVF)
  • Flexion/Extension = Base of skull to C7 (done to evaluate range of motion and to check for ligamentous stability)
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8
Q

Routine thoracic views

  • if patient is over 50?
  • over 60?
A

AP, Lateral

  • > 50 add PA chest
  • > 60 add a Left Lateral chest x ray
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9
Q

Film placement for thoracic views

A

Top of film 1.5 inches above the VP

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10
Q

Thoracic collimation views

A 
AP = 7x17
Lateral = 10x17
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11
Q

CR Thoracic views

A

T6

-It is easier to place the top of the film first and then align the CR to the film

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12
Q

Lateral Thoracic spine CR placement

A

Place the long axis of the CR an inch behind the humeral head at T6

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13
Q

Breathing instructions for thoracic views

A

Inhale and hold

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14
Q

SID for thoracic and ribs

A

40”

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15
Q

Routine views for ribs

A
  • AP or PA unilateral or bilateral above diaphragm or below diaphragm (depends on patients injury)
  • Posterior obliques only (allows you to shoot into the concavity and elongates the ribs for better visualization)
  • PA chest to check for a punctured lung
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16
Q

Collimation for ribs views

A

Film size

17
Q

Rib CR placement

A

Middle of the desired anatomy

-Better to place the first first and then align the CR to your film

18
Q

Unilateral Rib film placement

A

Above the diaphragm = top of film 1.5 inches above VP (vertical film)

Below the diaphragm = bottom of the film at iliac crest (film is vertical)

19
Q

Bilateral Rib film placement

A

Above the diaphragm = top of film just above the shoulders (film is transverse)

Below the diaphragm = bottom of film at the iliac crest (film is transverse)

20
Q

Breathing instructions for rib films

A

Above diaphragm = inhale and hold

Below diaphragm = exhale and hold

21
Q

CR placement APLP

A 
Men = 2" below crest
Women = 1" below crest
22
Q

CR placement for lumbar views besides APLP

A
  • Lateral = 1” above crest on midline
  • Anterior oblique = 1” above crest and lateral to spine on side up
  • L5/S1 = 2-3” below crest just behind midline
  • AP sacrum = Mid pelvis
  • Lateral sacrum = 3” below crest and just behind greater trochanter
23
Q

Lumbar tube tilts

A
  • AP sacrum = 15 degree cephalic

- AP coccyx = 10 degree caudal

24
Q

Lumbar LAO/RPO is used to see what anatomy?

A

Right pars

RAO/LPO = left pars

25
Q

Lumbar collimation

A
  • APLP = 14x17
  • Lateral = 10x17
  • L5/S1 = 8x10
  • AP sacrum = 10x12
  • AP coccyx = 4x4
26
Q

PUC views that require a 45 degree Bucky tilt

A
  • Base Posterior

- Vertex

27
Q

PUC views that use a slight Bucky tilt

A
  • APOM

- Nasium

28
Q

PUC tube tilts

A
  • Nasium = Tilt is determined by the atlas plane line finding on Lateral film
  • APOM = 5-15 degree cephalic
  • AP Cervical = 15 degrees cephalic
  • Base Posterior = No exact degree
  • Vertex = No exact degree
29
Q

PUC CR placement

A
  • Lateral = C1
  • Nasium = Exits inferior tip of mastoid
  • Base Posterior = Enters behind the chin, exits top of the head (vertex of the head)
  • Vertex = Enters top of the head (vertex of the head), exits behind the chin
  • APOM = Middle of the mouth
  • AP Cervical = C4
30
Q

PUC SID

A
  • Lateral = 72”
  • Base Posterior/Vertex = 38-42”
  • Rest = 40”
31
Q

PUC Collimation

A
  • Lateral = 10x12

- Rest = 8x10

32
Q

PUC views that have orbital filtration

A
  • APOM
  • Nasium
  • Base Posterior
  • Vertex
33
Q

All PUC views must be done with the patient _______

A

Seated

34
Q

Slight Bucky tilt helps to do what with PUC films?

A

Reduce magnification and maintain posture/position

35
Q

Why does the PUC series utilize an AP cervical film?

A

To complete the series and check for pathology

36
Q

What is the purpose of the PUC series?

A

To evaluate the upper cervicals and occipital condyles

Rad Positioning-Spine (5 decks)

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